Biomarkers.

Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are common in older people, may occur early in developing dementia, and have been associated with worse long-term outcomes. The objectives here were to investigate whether plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL), tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (ptau181), and glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) are associated with a) current NPS, b) future NPS, c) NPS severity change and d) cognitive and functional decline over time. And whether the presence of NPS combined with plasma biomarkers are useful to predict these long-term outcomes (b-d).

Neuropsychiatric symptoms in cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease: biomarker discovery using plasma proteomics.

Background And Objectives: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are common in older people with cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD). No biomarkers to detect the related pathology or predict the clinical evolution of NPS are available yet. This study aimed to identify plasma proteins that may serve as biomarkers for NPS and NPS-related clinical disease progression.

Plasma neurofilament light, glial fibrillary acid protein, and phosphorylated tau 181 as biomarkers for neuropsychiatric symptoms and related clinical disease progression.

Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are common in older people, may occur early in the development of dementia disorders, and have been associated with faster cognitive decline. Here, our objectives were to investigate whether plasma levels of neurofilament light chain (NfL), glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), and tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (pTau181) are associated with current NPS and predict future NPS in non-demented older people. Furthermore, we tested whether the presence of NPS combined with plasma biomarkers are useful to predict Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and cognitive decline.

Plasma neurofilament light, glial fibrillary acid protein, and phosphorylated tau 181 as biomarkers for neuropsychiatric symptoms and related clinical disease progression.

Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are common in older people, may occur early in the development of dementia disorders, and have been associated with faster cognitive decline. Here, our objectives were to investigate whether plasma levels of neurofilament light chain (NfL), glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), and tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (pTau181) are associated with current NPS and predict future NPS in non-demented older people. Furthermore, we tested whether the presence of NPS combined with plasma biomarkers are useful to predict Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and cognitive decline.

The promise of multi-omics approaches to discover biological alterations with clinical relevance in Alzheimer's disease.

Beyond the core features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, i.e. amyloid pathology, tau-related neurodegeneration and microglia response, multiple other molecular alterations and pathway dysregulations have been observed in AD.

Persisting neuropsychiatric symptoms, Alzheimer's disease, and cerebrospinal fluid cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate.

Introduction: Neuropsychiatric symptoms are important treatment targets in the management of dementia and can be present at very early clinical stages of neurodegenerative diseases. Increased cortisol has been reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and has been associated with faster cognitive decline. Elevated cortisol output has been observed in relation to perceived stress, depression, and anxiety.

Blood plasma protein profiles of neuropsychiatric symptoms and related cognitive decline in older people.

Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) severely affect patients and their caregivers, and are associated with worse long-term outcomes. This study tested the hypothesis that altered protein levels in blood plasma could serve as biomarkers of NPS; and that altered protein levels are associated with persisting NPS and cognitive decline over time. We performed a cross-sectional and longitudinal study in older subjects with cognitive impairment and cognitively unimpaired in a memory clinic setting.

Traditional care of the perineum during birth. A prospective, randomized, multicenter study of 1,076 women.

Objective: To investigate the influence of the traditional hands-on versus the innovative hands-poised method on the risk of perineal trauma during vaginal delivery and on neonatal outcomes.

Study Design: In a prospective, randomized, multicenter study, 1,161 of 1,505 women giving birth at the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the University Hospital of Vienna and Semmelweis Women's Hospital, Vienna, between February and September 1999, were randomized into the trial. In the hands-on method, the left hand of the midwife puts pressure on the infant's head, and the right hand is placed against the perineum.

A randomized trial of vaginal prostaglandin E2 for induction of labor. Insert vs. tablet.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of a prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) vaginal insert with PGE2 administered as a vaginal tablet.

Study Design: A randomized, observational study was performed. Women requiring induction of labor were randomly assigned to receive either a 10-mg PGE2 vaginal insert (group 1, n = 100) or 3-mg PGE2 tablets twice at six-hour intervals (group 2, n = 100).

Acupuncture for cervical ripening and induction of labor at term--a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether acupuncture at term can influence cervical ripening, induce labor and thus reduce the need for postdates induction.

Methods: On the estimated date of confinement (EDC) women were prospectively randomized to an acupuncture group (AG) or a control group (CG). Data of 45 women were evaluated (AG, n = 25; CG, n = 20).

[Aneurysm of the splenic artery: rupture in pregnancy].

The rupture of a splenic artery aneurysm during pregnancy is a rare event. Two thirds of all ruptures happen during the third trimester. We report a case of a patient at 39 weeks of gestation suffering from abdominal pain and fetal distress.

Ethical implications of aggressive obstetric management at less than 28 weeks of gestation.

Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcome of infants born between 23 and 28 completed weeks of gestational age for whom aggressive obstetric management was performed.

Methods: Prenatal data were collected retrospectively from medical records. Neonatal mortality, early morbidity, and the outcome at one year corrected for postconceptional age (corrected age) were determined.

[Surgical vs. conservative treatment of fractures of the thoracolumbar transition].

A total of 86 patients suffering from fractures of the thoracolumbar spine were followed up after an average time period of 57 months (12-98). Of these patients, 56 were treated operatively and 30 conservatively. According to the AO/ASIF classification, 66% of the operated group were fractures of type A, 29% of type B, and 5% of type C.

The fast-reacting fetal fibronectin test: a screening method for better prediction of the time of delivery.

Objective: Our aim was to determine from what time onward fetal fibronectin is consistently detectable in the cervicovaginal secretions before delivery and to what extent the actual time of delivery can be better determined by this procedure than by the sole use of the Bishop score.

Study Design: A fast-reacting fetal fibronectin test was performed on 206 women on their expected date of confinement. In addition, the cervical status was evaluated with use of a modified Bishop score.

Haemoperfusion through activated charcoal in dogs with fulminant liver failure.

The effects of 8-hour haemoperfusion through an activated charcoal column on fulminant hepatic failure were assessed in 10 dogs. The survival in the perfused animals was significantly prolonged and the onset of liver encephalopathy was markedly delayed compared to the controls. Significant decrease in plasma bilirubin and total plasma phenols was found in the perfused group.