Prevalence and Risk Factors of Refractive Errors and Effective Spectacle Coverage in Emiratis and Non-Emiratis Aged 40 Years or Older: the Dubai Eye Health Survey.

Purpose: The aim was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of refractive errors (REs) and the effective spectacle coverage in Emiratis and non-Emiratis in Dubai.

Design: The Dubai Eye Health Survey was a population-based cross-sectional study of participants aged 40 years or older.

Methods: Distance and near visual acuity (VA), and noncycloplegic automated refraction were tested according to a standardized protocol.

Prevalence, Causes, and Risk Factors of Visual Impairment in Emiratis and Non-Emiratis of Dubai: A Subnational Population-Based Cross-Sectional Survey.

Purpose: To study the prevalence, causes, and risk factors of visual impairment (VI) among the Dubai Emiratis and non-Emiratis.

Methods: The survey was a population-based cross-sectional eye health study conducted 2019-2020. Cluster sampling was used to randomly select local (Emirati) and expatriate (non-Emirati) Dubai residents aged 40 years and older.

Keeping an eye on eye care: monitoring progress towards effective coverage.

The eye care sector is well positioned to contribute to the advancement of universal health coverage within countries. Given the large unmet need for care associated with cataract and refractive error, coupled with the fact that highly cost-effective interventions exist, we propose that effective cataract surgery coverage (eCSC) and effective refractive error coverage (eREC) serve as ideal indicators to track progress in the uptake and quality of eye care services at the global level, and to monitor progress towards universal health coverage in general. Global targets for 2030 for these two indicators were endorsed by WHO Member States at the 74th World Health Assembly in May, 2021.

Strengthening the integration of eye care into the health system: methodology for the development of the WHO package of eye care interventions.

Objective: To describe the rational for, and the methods that will be employed to develop, the WHO package of eye care interventions (PECI).

Methods And Analysis: The development of the package will be conducted in four steps: (1) selection of eye conditions (for which interventions will be included in the package) based on epidemiological data on the causes of vision impairment and blindness, prevalence estimates of eye conditions and health facility data; (2) identification of interventions and related evidence for the selected eye conditions from clinical practice guidelines and high-quality systematic reviews by a technical working group; (3) expert agreement on the inclusion of eye care interventions in the package and the description of resources required for the provision of the selected interventions; and (4) peer review. The project will be led by the WHO Vision Programme in collaboration with Cochrane Eyes and Vision.

Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Retinopathy in Persons 50 Years and Above in Katsina State Nigeria: A Population-based Cross-sectional Survey.

Purpose: To estimate the prevalence and magnitude of diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy among people with diabetes mellitus in Katsina State.

Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study of persons aged 50 years and over in Katsina State Nigeria based on the rapid assessment of avoidable blindness survey plus diabetic retinopathy methodology. The study was conducted in November and December 2018.

Changing patterns of cataract services in North-West Nigeria: 2005-2016.

Purpose: This study was conducted to assess the impact of the eye care programme on cataract blindness and cataract surgical services in Sokoto, Nigeria over a 12 year period 2005-2016.

Methods: Data from the 2005 population based cross-sectional study of blindness in Sokoto state was re-analysed to obtain baseline estimates of the prevalence of cataract blindness and cataract surgical coverage for persons 50 years and over in Wurno health zone. A population based survey of a representative sample of persons 50 years and over in Wurno health zone was conducted in July 2016.

Prevalence and causes of visual impairment and blindness, cataract surgical coverage and outcomes of cataract surgery in Libya.

Purpose: To assess the major causes of avoidable blindness, and outcomes and barriers to cataract services in Libya.

Methods: A stratified multistage cluster random sample study was conducted in the four regions of Libya. Visual acuity and lens assessment were performed on all subjects.

Review of the publications of the Nigeria national blindness survey: methodology, prevalence, causes of blindness and visual impairment and outcome of cataract surgery.

This is a review of the major publications from the Nigeria national blindness survey in order to highlight major findings and challenges of eye care in Nigeria. The review summarizes methodology and key findings. Survey publications on methodology, prevalence and causes of visual impairment and outcome of cataract surgery were retrieved, reviewed and relevant data extracted, reported and discussed.

Enhancing advocacy for eye care at national levels: what steps to take for the next decade?

The global initiative for the elimination of avoidable blindness by the year 2020-(VISION 2020- The Right to Sight), established in 1999, is a partnership of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), governments, bilateral organizations, corporate bodies and the World Health Organization. The goal is to eliminate the major causes of avoidable blindness by the year 2020. Significant progress has been made in the last decade.

Prevalence, causes, and risk factors for functional low vision in Nigeria: results from the national survey of blindness and visual impairment.

Purpose: To estimate prevalence and describe causes of functional low vision (FLV) among a nationally representative sample of Nigerian adults, assess socioeconomic risk factors, and estimate the number of adults in Nigeria who might benefit from low vision assessment or rehabilitation services.

Methods: Multistage, stratified, cluster random sampling with probability proportional to size procedures were used to identify a nationally representative sample of 15,027 persons aged 40 years or older. Distance vision was measured using a reduced logMAR tumbling E-chart.

Prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impairment in sokoto state, Nigeria: baseline data for vision 2020: the right to sight eye care programme.

Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of low vision and blindness, identify the causes, and suggest policies for an effective eye care program based on 2005 data from Sokoto State, Nigeria.

Materials And Methods: A stratified two-stage cluster sampling method was used to quantify the prevalence of blindness and the causes from 4 health zones in Sokoto State. Subjects were evaluated using a magnifying loupe, direct ophthalmoscope and torchlight.

Prevalence of blindness and low vision in north central, Nigeria.

Background: The Kaduna State of Nigeria Eye Care Programme (KSECP) is a state-wide community-based eye care programme designed in the model of the World Health Organisation global initiative for the elimination of avoidable blindness by the year 2020--Vision 2020.

Objective: To provide baseline data for the monitoring and evaluation of the KSECP.

Methods: The study was a cross-sectional population-based survey that covered the state.

Rapid assessment of cataract surgical services in Birnin-Kebbi local government area of Kebbi State, Nigeria.

Purpose: To provide baseline data for cataract surgical services in Birnin-Kebbi Local Government Area (LGA) of Kebbi state, Nigeria for effective planning of services in the LGA and the state.

Methods: People aged 50 years and above were enrolled in the study using stratified cluster sampling with probability proportional to size procedures. Subjects were assessed based on the WHO (World Health Organization) RACSS (Rapid Assessment of Cataract Surgical Services) methodology.