Comparison of the efficacy of parenteral and oral treatment for nutritional vitamin B12 deficiency in children.

Objective: Although, oral replacement for vitamin B12 deficiency has been proved to be effective in adults, it is mainly treated with parenteral therapy. There are only few studies on oral replacement therapy of vitamin B12 with children. Therefore, we aimed to compare the efficacy of oral treatment with intramuscular vitamin B12 injections in pediatric population.

gene mutation in a patient with congenital cardiomyopathy and dysmorphic features.

Primary cardiomyopathy is one of the most common inherited cardiac diseases and harbors significant phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity. Because of this, genetic testing has become standard in treatment of this disease group. Indeed, in recent years, next-generation DNA sequencing has found broad applications in medicine, both as a routine diagnostic tool for genetic disorders and as a high-throughput discovery tool for identifying novel disease-causing genes.

Comparison of Axillary and Tympanic Temperature Measurements in Children Diagnosed with Acute Otitis Media.

Background. Acute otitis media [AOM] may affect the accuracy of tympanic temperature measurements. We aimed to compare tympanic temperature measurements in patients with AOM against control groups, as well as compare the tympanic temperatures with axillary thermometry.

Effect of Maternal Factors and Fetomaternal Glucose Homeostasis on Birth Weight and Postnatal Growth.

Objective: It is important to identify the possible risk factors for the occurrence of large for gestational age (LGA) in newborns and to determine the effect of birth weight and metabolic parameters on subsequent growth. We aimed to determine the effects of maternal weight, weight gain during pregnancy, maternal hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), C-peptide and insulin as well as cord C-peptide and insulin levels on birth weight and postnatal growth during the first two years of life.

Methods: Healthy, non-diabetic mothers and term singleton newborns were included in this prospective case-control cohort study.

Serum vitamin D levels in children with recurrent tonsillopharyngitis.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to compare vitamin D levels of children with recurrent tonsillopharingitis and healthy controls, and investigate the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and serum vitamin D levels.

Methods: Children with recurrent tonsillopharingitis and healthy controls aged between 2, and 12 years who consulted to the outpatient clinics of Zeynep Kamil Maternity and Children's Diseases Training and Research Hospital from January to October 2012 were included in this study. Serum 25 (OH) vitamin D levels were studied by tandem mass spectroscopy (tandem ms) method.

Evaluation of clinical course and neurocognition in children with self-limited infantile epilepsy in a Turkish cohort study.

The outcome of children with self-limited infantile epilepsy was reported to be normal psychosocial and cognitive development as a characteristic criterion. We aimed to investigate the clinical course and neurocognitive outcome in children with self-limited infantile epilepsy in a Turkish cohort. The clinical course, electroencephalographic (EEG) characteristics, neuroimaging, treatment, and outcome of children with self-limited infantile epilepsy were retrospectively analyzed.

Hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus seropositivity among children in kabul, afghanistan: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C Virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are significant causes of morbidity and mortality all over the world, especially in underdeveloped countries like Afghanistan. Limited data are available concerning the seroprevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV in the pediatric age group in Afghanistan .

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess HBV, HCV and HIV serology among children at an outpatient clinic in Kabul.

Paediatricians' awareness of children's oral health: Knowledge, training, attitudes and practices among Turkish paediatricians.

Background: In Turkey, 74.1% of children between three and six years of age develop dental caries.

Objective: To assess the depth of oral health and dental knowledge among paediatricians in Turkey, to determine their level of oral health education and to determine factors that were associated with higher knowledge scores.

The relationship between the first episode of wheezing and matrix metalloproteinases-9 and MMP-2 and tissue inhibitors of MMP-1 levels in preterm infants.

Aims: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) have been associated with neonatal lung morbidity and MMP dysregulation contributes to the pathology of chronic and acute lung disorders. Most of the previous studies were performed in the 1(st) weeks of life of the preterm newborns. There are no data on the serum levels of MMP-2, MMP-9 or tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP-1) from preterm infants recovering from lung morbidities.

Evaluation of risk factors for recurrent wheezing episodes.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the risk factors for recurrent wheezing in patients diagnosed with acute bronchiolitis.

Method: From 2009 to 2011, 500 patients from the pediatric clinics, with first attack of acute bronchiolitis were included in this prospective study. Each patient's age, gender, birth weight, duration of breastfeeding, family history of atopy and asthma, smoking exposure, source of heating in the house, the presence of pets, any history of chronic disease have been questioned.

Nanoduct sweat conductivity measurements in 2664 patients: relationship to age, arterial blood gas, serum electrolyte profiles and clinical diagnosis.

Background: The Nanoduct(®) device has acceptable diagnostic accuracy, but there is not enough systematic data supporting its usage in the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF).

Methods: A retrospective review of patients with an indication for the sweat test was conducted. The conductivity test was repeated in patients who had values higher than 60 mmol/L, and they were referred for sweat chloride measurements.

Effect of breastfeeding on serum zinc levels and growth in healthy infants.

Background: This study investigated the association among breastfeeding, serum zinc levels, and nutritional status of children.

Subjects And Methods: One hundred healthy infants were included in the study. Anthropometric measurements of the children were taken, and their plasma zinc levels were determined.

Assessment of sleep-related breathing disorders in patients with duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Background: Respiratory failure is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in neuromuscular diseases. Although clinical findings and respiratory function tests aid in diagnosing sleep-related breathing disorders, polysomnography is the gold standard for the diagnosis of these disorders. We aimed to investigate the role of sleep-wake symptoms and clinical findings of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) in predicting sleep-related breathing disorders through the comparison of polysomnography findings.

Relationship between procalcitonin levels and presence of vesicoureteral reflux during first febrile urinary tract infection in children.

Objective: To investigate the association between the procalcitonin (PCT) level during the first febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) in children and the presence of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). VUR-associated UTI is among the primary causes of chronic renal failure in Turkey.

Methods: From March 2008 to November 2009, patients admitted with their first febrile UTI were included in the present prospective hospital-based study.

Does cord blood bilirubin level help the physician in the decision of early postnatal discharge?

Objective: Early postnatal discharge of newborns leads to the risk of readmission to the hospital, mostly for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Increasing the length of hospital stay is not an acceptable solution for medical, social and economic constraints. Hence, predicting the high risk neonates for subsequent hyperbilirubinemia is required.

VACTERL association: a new case with biotinidase deficiency and annular pancreas.

VACTERL (V - Vertebral anomalies, A - Anal atresia, C - Cardiovascular anomalies, T - Tracheoesophageal fistula, E - Esophageal atresia, R - Renal (Kidney) and/or radial anomalies, L - Limb defects) association includes vertebral defects, anal atresia, cardiac defects, tracheo-esophageal fistula, renal dysplasia, and limb anomalies. Less frequent defects seen with VACTERL association are prenatal and postnatal growth deficiency, laryngeal stenosis, ear anomaly, large fontanels, defect of lower limb, rib anomaly, tethered cord, and defects of external genitalia. We report a case of VACTERL association who had concomitant biotinidase deficiency and annular pancreas, which has not been previously reported.

The efficacy of nebulized salbutamol, hypertonic saline and salbutamol/hypertonic saline combination in moderate bronchiolitis.

Background: The mainstay of treatment in bronchiolitis includes oxygenation, aspiration of secretions from the respiratory tract and maintenance of hydration. The first choice medical agent in clinical practice is nebulized bronchodilators, although their place in treatment is controversial.

Objectives: We investigated the therapeutic benefit of nebulized hypertonic (3%) saline (HS), by comparing four different nebulized regimens in the treatment of bronchiolitis in the emergency department.

Antimicrobial resistance patterns of uropathogens among children in Istanbul, Turkey.

Urinary tract infections are a common cause of end-stage renal disease in Turkey. This prospective study investigated the antibiotic resistance patterns of uropathogens in order to recommend appropriate therapeutic protocols for children with urinary tract infections in Istanbul, Turkey. Between October 2007 and October 2008, children presenting with a first episode of urinary tract infection to a pediatric outpatient clinic were enrolled in the study.