Safety and efficacy of three alternative regimens against relapsing Plasmodium vivax malaria in glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient patients in the Brazilian Amazon (ALTPRIM).

Background: Daily primaquine-induced hemolysis is a common cause of complications during Plasmodium vivax malaria treatment in individuals with glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd). Alternative regimens balancing safety and efficacy are needed.

Methods: G6PDd participants with P.

Olfactory Dysfunction in Adults from Rio Grande do Norte: A Cross-Sectional Study.

 Smell is one of the senses of the human body, and it can be affected by several factors, such as viral infections, traumatic brain injury, iatrogenesis, smoking, and neurodegenerative and systemic diseases.  The main goal of the present study is to describe the epidemiology of olfactory disorders in Rio Grande do Norte (RN). More specifically, to determine the prevalence of olfactory dysfunction and to identify the main risk factors related to these dysfunctions in the state's population.

The potential of galactomannan from Caesalpinia ferrea on erosive dentin wear reduction in vitro.

Gels containing juca seed galactomannan (JSG) were evaluated for their potential to prevent the progression of dentin erosive wear in an in vitro study with four experimental groups (n = 9). The treatments included distilled water (DW), 0.05% stannous fluoride (121 ppm F), and 0.

Evaluation of cognitive functions in the elderly with and without central auditory processing disorder.

Purpose: Evaluate and compare the performance of cognitive functions between elderly with and without auditory processing disorders.

Methods: Twenty-eight healthy elderly (14 Control group and 14 Auditory Processing Disorder group - APD group) participated in the study. All elderly were submitted to (central) auditory processing evaluation, P300 event-related potential and brief cognitive battery (BCB).

Flint corn silage management: influence of maturity stage, inoculation with , and storage time on fermentation pattern, aerobic stability, and nutritional characteristics.

Introduction: High quality corn silage depends on factors such as corn type, stage of crop development at harvest time, fermentation time, in addition to use or not of inoculants. This study aimed to investigate the impact of maturity stage, bacterial inoculation, and storage time on fermentation, aerobic stability, and nutritional characteristics of flint corn silage and their implications for corn silage management.

Methods: A flint corn hybrid was harvested very early, early, and medium (at 250, 300 and 350 g dry matter (DM)/kg as fed, respectively) and ensiled in mini-silos without (control) or with CNCM I-4323 at 1 × 10 cfu/g for 120, 240 and 360 d to investigate how these factors interact with each other.

Spatially Coherent Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Measurements of Electron-Phonon Interaction in a Graphene Device.

Coherence length () of the Raman scattering process in graphene as a function of Fermi energy is obtained with spatially coherent tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. decreases when the Fermi energy is moved into the neutrality point, consistent with the concept of the Kohn anomaly within a ballistic transport regime. Since the Raman scattering involves electrons and phonons, the observed results can be rationalized either as due to unusually large variation of the longitudinal optical phonon group velocity , reaching twice the value for the longitudinal acoustic phonon, or due to changes in the electron energy uncertainty, both properties being important for optical and transport phenomena that might not be observable by any other technique.

Feeding 3-nitrooxypropanol reduces methane emissions by feedlot cattle on tropical conditions.

Our objective was to evaluate the effects of feeding 3-nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP; Bovaer, DSM Nutritional Products) at two levels on methane emissions, nitrogen balance, and performance by feedlot cattle. In experiment 1, a total of 138 Nellore bulls (initial body weight, 360 ± 37.3 kg) were housed in pens (27 pens with either 4 or 5 bulls per pen) and fed a high-concentrate diet for 96 d, containing 1) no addition of 3-NOP (control), 2) inclusion of 3-NOP at 100 mg/kg dry matter (DM), and 3) inclusion of 3-NOP at 150 mg/kg DM.

Polyphenols for Preventing Dental Erosion in Pre-clinical Studies with in situ Designs and Simulated Acid Attack.

Dental erosion is a chemical process characterized by acid dissolution of dental hard tissue, and its etiology is multifactorial. Dietary polyphenols can be a strategy for dental erosion management, collaborating to preserve dental tissues through resistance to biodegradation. This study describes a comprehensive review to interpret the effects of polyphenols on dental erosion of pre-clinical models with designs and simulated acid attacks on enamel and dentin samples.

Application of nanoparticles to increase biological hydrogen production: the difference in metabolic pathways in batch and continuous reactors.

An alternative to improve the production of biorefinery products, such as biohydrogen (H) and volatile fatty acids (VFA), is the combination of nanotechnology and biological processes. In order to compare the use of both processes in two different reactor configurations, batch reactors and continuous anaerobic fluidized bed reactors (AFBR) were studied under the same conditions (37°C, pH 6.8, as an inoculum and glucose as a substrate) to evaluate the influence of zero valence iron and nickel nanoparticles (NPs) on H and VFA production.

Bibliometric Analysis of Global Scientific Production on COVID-19 and Vaccines.

This bibliometric analysis aims to analyze the global scientific production of COVID-19 and vaccines. First, a search for scientific articles was performed using the advanced query in the Web of Science™ database, more precisely in its core collection, on 18 February 2023. Data from 7754 articles were analyzed using the Bibliometrix R package and the Biblioshiny application.

ELSA-Brasil: a 4-year incidence of hearing loss in adults with and without hypertension.

Objective: To compare the incidence of hearing loss among adults stratified by the occurrence of hypertension, and to investigate the association between hypertension and hearing loss.

Methods: Longitudinal observational study, part of the Estudo Longitudinal da Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil, Longitudinal Study on Adult's Health). Data from the first and second waves were analyzed, including information from audiological assessment and general health of the subjects.

The Deconstruction of the Lignocellulolytic Structure of Sugarcane Bagasse by Laccases Improves the Production of H and Organic Acids.

The production of biofuels using sugarcane bagasse (SCB) as substrate can be considered an environmentally friendly approach, due to the possibility of combining energy production with the reuse of agroindustrial wastes. This study was undertaken to explore the applicability of a new extract with the enzymes (Lac) isolated from Chaetomium cupreum for SCB pretreatment. Lac was more active at pH of 2.

Hearing Loss and Cognitive Function: Baseline Findings From the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health: ELSA-Brasil.

Objective: Hearing loss (HL) has been associated with cognitive impairment in high-income countries. However, no study has investigated this association in low- and middle-income countries. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the association between cognitive function and HL in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health.

A predictive model for NO production in anammox-granular sludge reactors: Combined effects of nitrite/ammonium ratio and organic matter concentration.

Once the use of anammox reactors has been increasing on a global scale, it is important to understand the mechanisms of NO emissions and how to minimise the emissions by optimising the operating conditions. In this study, the influence of chemical oxygen demand (COD) (from 0 mgO L to 100 mgO L) and nitrite/ammonium ratio from 0.79 to 2.

Hesperidin reduces dentin wear after erosion and erosion/abrasion cycling in vitro.

Objective: To evaluate the action of hesperidin (HPN) at different concentrations to prevent dentin erosive wear, associated or not to abrasion.

Methods: A study with 6 experimental groups (n = 10) for erosion (experiment 1) and another 6 for erosion + abrasion (experiment 2). The treatments were: distilled water (DW), DW with collagenase (DW + Col), 0.

Hacking biofilm developed in a structured-bed reactor (SBRRIA) with integrated processes of nitrogen and organic matter removal.

Biomass samples from a structured-bed reactor subjected to recirculation and intermittent aeration (SBRRIA) were analyzed to investigate the bacterial community shift along with the changes in the C/N ratio. The C/N ratios tested were 7.6 ± 1.

Hearing loss, tinnitus, and hypertension: analysis of the baseline data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

Objectives: To investigate the association among hypertension, tinnitus, and sensorineural hearing loss and evaluate the influence of other covariates on this association.

Methods: Baseline data (2008-2010) from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) were analyzed. Altogether, 900 participants were evaluated.

Localization of lattice dynamics in low-angle twisted bilayer graphene.

Twisted bilayer graphene is created by slightly rotating the two crystal networks in bilayer graphene with respect to each other. For small twist angles, the material undergoes a self-organized lattice reconstruction, leading to the formation of a periodically repeated domain. The resulting superlattice modulates the vibrational and electronic structures within the material, leading to changes in the behaviour of electron-phonon coupling and to the observation of strong correlations and superconductivity.

Effects of hearing protector devices on speech intelligibility: the importance of individualized assessment.

This study aimed to compare speech intelligibility in noise with and without hearing protection devices (HPDs). . Fifty-one workers were distributed into three groups: noise-induced hearing loss group (NIHLG), normally hearing noise-exposed group (NG) and normally hearing non-exposed to noise group (CG).

Nanomechanics of few-layer materials: do individual layers slide upon folding?

Folds naturally appear on nanometrically thin materials, also called "2D materials", after exfoliation, eventually creating folded edges across the resulting flakes. We investigate the adhesion and flexural properties of single-layered and multilayered 2D materials upon folding in the present work. This is accomplished by measuring and modeling mechanical properties of folded edges, which allows for the experimental determination of the bending stiffness (κ) of multilayered 2D materials as a function of the number of layers ().

Personal Audio System: Hearing Symptoms, Habits, and Sound Pressure Levels Measured in Real Ear and a Manikin.

Purpose The aims of this study were to characterize hearing symptoms, habits, and sound pressure levels (SPLs) of personal audio system (PAS) used by young adults; estimate the risk of developing hearing loss and assess whether instructions given to users led to behavioral changes; and propose recommendations for PAS users. Method A cross-sectional study was performed in 50 subjects with normal hearing. Procedures included questionnaire and measurement of PAS SPLs (real ear and manikin) through the users' own headphones and devices while they listened to four songs.

Folic acid retention evaluation in preparations with wheat flour and corn submitted to different cooking methods by HPLC/DAD.

Folic acid content was evaluated in food preparations containing wheat and corn flour submitted to baking, deep-frying, and steaming. Commercially fortified flours showed the absence of folic acid. Flours with laboratory folic acid fortification showed 487 and 474 μg of folic acid in 100 g of wheat and corn flours, respectively.

Occlusal device with extraoral retention: An occlusal technique for patients with Down syndrome.

Temporomandibular disorders associated with bruxism have a high prevalence rate in the overall population, including individuals with Down syndrome (DS). Occlusal devices have been prescribed for the treatment of temporomandibular disorders and prevention of tooth wear due to bruxism. Patients with DS have restrictions concerning treatment with occlusal devices, with an increased risk of swallowing and asphyxia, because of limitations with cognitive ability and motor deficiency.