The review investigates the prevalence and effects of hyponatremia (low sodium levels) in COVID-19 patients, showing that it occurs in about 25.8% of cases and is linked to worse health outcomes.
A systematic analysis of 52 studies revealed that hyponatremia increases the chances of mortality (almost double), ICU admissions, the need for assisted ventilation, and longer hospital stays.
The main cause of hyponatremia in these patients is often related to a condition called SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone secretion), with other causes being adrenal insufficiency and gastrointestinal fluid losses.