Unlocking the potential of magnetic biochar in wastewater purification: a review on the removal of bisphenol A from aqueous solution.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an essential and extensively utilized chemical compound with significant environmental and public health risks. This review critically assesses the current water purification techniques for BPA removal, emphasizing the efficacy of adsorption technology. Within this context, we probe into the synthesis of magnetic biochar (MBC) using co-precipitation, hydrothermal carbonization, mechanical ball milling, and impregnation pyrolysis as widely applied techniques.

Adsorptive Removal of Copper (II) Ions from Aqueous Solution Using a Magnetite Nano-Adsorbent from Mill Scale Waste: Synthesis, Characterization, Adsorption and Kinetic Modelling Studies.

In this study, magnetite nano-adsorbent (MNA) was extracted from mill scale waste products, synthesized and applied to eliminate Cu from an aqueous solution. Mill scale waste product was ground using conventional milling and impacted using high-energy ball milling (HEBM) for varying 3, 5, and 7 milling hours. In this regard, the prepared MNA was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS), UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and zeta potential.

Structural, Electromagnetic and Microwave Properties of Magnetite Extracted from Mill Scale Waste via Conventional Ball Milling and Mechanical Alloying Techniques.

This study presents the utilization of mill scale waste, which has attracted much attention due to its high content of magnetite (FeO). This work focuses on the extraction of FeO from mill scale waste via magnetic separation, and ball milling was used to fabricate a microwave absorber. The extracted magnetic powder was ground-milled using two different techniques: (i) a conventional milling technique (CM) and (ii) mechanical alloying (MM) process.

An Insight into a Sustainable Removal of Bisphenol A from Aqueous Solution by Novel Palm Kernel Shell Magnetically Induced Biochar: Synthesis, Characterization, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Studies.

Recently Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the persistent trace hazardous estrogenic contaminants in the environment, that can trigger a severe threat to humans and environment even at minuscule concentrations. Thus, this work focused on the synthesis of neat and magnetic biochar (BC) as a sustainable and inexpensive adsorbent to remove BPA from aqueous environment. Novel magnetic biochar was efficiently synthesized by utilizing palm kernel shell, using ferric chloride and ferrous chloride as magnetic medium via chemical co-precipitation technique.

Contemporary Techniques for Remediating Endocrine-Disrupting Compounds in Various Water Sources: Advances in Treatment Methods and Their Limitations.

Over the years, the persistent occurrence of superfluous endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) (sub µg L) in water has led to serious health disorders in human and aquatic lives, as well as undermined the water quality. At present, there are no generally accepted regulatory discharge limits for the EDCs to avert their possible negative impacts. Moreover, the conventional treatment processes have reportedly failed to remove the persistent EDC pollutants, and this has led researchers to develop alternative treatment methods.

Structural, microstructural, magnetic and electromagnetic absorption properties of spiraled multiwalled carbon nanotubes/barium hexaferrite (MWCNTs/BaFeO) hybrid.

Microwave absorption properties were systematically studied for synthesised barium hexaferrite (BaFeO) nanoparticles and spiraled multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) hybrid. BaFeO nanoparticles were synthesised by a high energy ball milling (HEBM) followed by sintering at 1400 °C and structural, electromagnetic and microwave characteristics have been scrutinized thoroughly. The sintered powders were then used as a catalyst to synthesise spiraled MWCNTs/BaFeO hybrid via the chemical vapour deposition (CVD) process.

Effects of Recycled FeO Nanofiller on the Structural, Thermal, Mechanical, Dielectric, and Magnetic Properties of PTFE Matrix.

The purpose of this study was to improve the dielectric, magnetic, and thermal properties of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) composites using recycled FeO (rFeO) nanofiller. Hematite (FeO) was recycled from mill scale waste and the particle size was reduced to 11.3 nm after 6 h of high-energy ball milling.

Novel PVDF-PVP Hollow Fiber Membrane Augmented with TiO Nanoparticles: Preparation, Characterization and Application for Copper Removal from Leachate.

High proportion of copper has become a global challenge owing to its negative impact on the environment and public health complications. The present study focuses on the fabrication of a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) fiber membrane incorporated with varying loading (0, 0.5, 1.

Synthesis of Nano-Magnetite from Industrial Mill Chips for the Application of Boron Removal: Characterization and Adsorption Efficacy.

The present study synthesized nano-magnetite (FeO) from milled steel chips using the high energy ball milling (HEBM) method, characterized it, and then utilized it as a sorbent to remediate boron concentration at various pH (4-9), dosages (0.1-0.5 g), contact times (20-240 min), and initial concentrations (10-100 mg/L).

Complex permittivity and power loss characteristics of α-FeO/polycaprolactone (PCL) nanocomposites: effect of recycled α-FeO nanofiller.

The development of microwave absorbing materials based on recycled hematite (α-FeO) nanoparticles and polycaprolactone (PCL) was the main focus of this study. α-FeO was recycled from mill scale and reduced to nanoparticles through high energy ball milling in order to improve its complex permittivity properties. Different compositions (5% wt.

Utilization of Nano-TiO as an Influential Additive for Complementing Separation Performance of a Hybrid PVDF-PVP Hollow Fiber: Boron Removal from Leachate.

The continuous increase in anthropogenic activities resulting in an increase in boron concentration in the environment is becoming a serious threat to public health and the ecosystem. In this regard, a hybrid polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) hollow fiber was synthesized with hydrophilic nano-titanium oxide (TiO) at varied loadings of 0, 0.5, 1.

Complex Permittivity and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Effectiveness of OPEFB Fiber-Polylactic Acid Filled with Reduced Graphene Oxide.

This study was aimed at fabricating composites of polylactic acid (PLA) matrix-reinforced oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fiber filled with chemically reduced graphene oxide (rGO). A total of 2-8 wt.% rGO/OPEFB/PLA composites were characterized for their complex permittivity using an open-ended coaxial probe (OEC) technique.

The Effect of MWCNTs Filler on the Absorbing Properties of OPEFB/PLA Composites Using Microstrip Line at Microwave Frequency.

Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fiber/polylactic acid (PLA)-based composites filled with 6-22 wt.% multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were prepared using a melt blend method. The composites were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of the MWCNTs.

An investigation of microstructural, magnetic and microwave absorption properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes/NiZnFeO.

The enhancement of microwave absorbing properties in nickel zinc ferrite (NiZnFeO) via multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) growth is studied in this research work. NiZnFeO was initially synthesized by mechanical alloying followed by sintering at 1200 °C and the microstructural, electromagnetic and microwave characteristics have been scrutinized thoroughly. The sintered powder was then used as a catalyst to grow MWCNT derived from chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method.

Enhancement of Complex Permittivity and Attenuation Properties of Recycled Hematite (α-FeO) Using Nanoparticles Prepared via Ball Milling Technique.

The purpose of this study was to synthesize high-quality recycled α-FeO to improve its complex permittivity properties by reducing the particles to nanosize through high energy ball milling. Complex permittivity and permeability characterizations of the particles were performed using open-ended coaxial and rectangular waveguide techniques and a vector network analyzer. The attenuation characteristics of the particles were analyzed with finite element method (FEM) simulations of the transmission coefficients and electric field distributions using microstrip model geometry.

Complex Permittivity and Microwave Absorption Properties of OPEFB Fiber-Polycaprolactone Composites Filled with Recycled Hematite (α-FeO) Nanoparticles.

Recycled hematite (α-FeO) nanoparticles with enhanced complex permittivity properties have been incorporated as a filler in a polycaprolactone (PCL) matrix reinforced with oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fiber for microwave absorption applications. The complex permittivity values were improved by reducing the particle sizes to the nano scale via high-energy ball milling for 12 h. A total of 5-20 wt.

Photothermal Effect of Modulating Laser Irradiation on the Thermal Diffusivity of AlO Nanofluids.

Modulated continuous wave (CW) lasers cause photothermal effect that leads to rapid optical absorption and generation of thermal waves around the irradiated nanostructures. In this work, we examined the effect of modulated CW laser irradiation on the particle fragmentation process to enhance the thermal diffusivity of nanofluids. A facile and cost-effective diode laser was applied to reduce the agglomerated size of AlO nanoparticles in deionized water.

Effect of Ratio in Ammonium Nitrate on the Structural, Microstructural, Magnetic, and AC Conductivity Properties of BaFeO.

This paper investigates the effect of the ratio of ammonium nitrate (AN) on the structural, microstructural, magnetic, and alternating current (AC) conductivity properties of barium hexaferrite (BaFeO). The BaFeO were prepared by using the salt melt method. The samples were synthesized using different powder-to-salt weight ratio variations (1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6 and 1:7) of BaCO₃ + Fe₂O₃ and ammonium nitrate salt.

Influence of pH Adjustment Parameter for Sol-Gel Modification on Structural, Microstructure, and Magnetic Properties of Nanocrystalline Strontium Ferrite.

Synthesis of nanocrystalline strontium ferrite (SrFeO) via sol-gel is sensitive to its modification parameters. Therefore, in this study, an attempt of regulating the pH as a sol-gel modification parameter during preparation of SrFeO nanoparticles sintered at a low sintering temperature of 900 °C has been presented. The relationship of varying pH (pH 0 to 8) on structural, microstructures, and magnetic behaviors of SrFeO nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning microscope (FESEM), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).