Multiscale analysis on otolith structural features reveals differences in ontogenesis and sex in in the western Adriatic Sea.

Otolith biomineralization results from biochemical processes regulated by the interaction of internal (physiological) and external (environmental) factors which lead to morphological and ultrastructural variability at intra- and interspecific levels. The aim of this study was to conduct a multi-scale analysis of the sagittal otoliths of the (European hake) from the western Adriatic Sea in order to correlate otolith features with fish ontogeny and sex. We show that otoliths of sexually undifferentiated (non-sexed) individuals having a fish body total length (TL) less than 15 cm had faster growth in length, width, area, perimeter, volume and weight and a higher amount of organic matrix compared with otoliths of sexually differentiated individuals (females and males) having a fish size range of 15-50 cm.

Training self-assessment and task-selection skills to foster self-regulated learning: Do trained skills transfer across domains?

Students' ability to accurately self-assess their performance and select a suitable subsequent learning task in response is imperative for effective self-regulated learning. Video modeling examples have proven effective for training self-assessment and task-selection skills, and-importantly-such training fostered self-regulated learning outcomes. It is unclear, however, whether trained skills would transfer across domains.

Implicit alcohol-relaxation associations in frequently drinking adolescents with high levels of neuroticism.

Introduction: Most individuals start drinking during adolescence, a period in which automatically activated or implicit cognitive processes play an important role in drinking behavior. The aim of this study was to examine personality-related antecedents of implicit associations between alcohol and positive or negative reinforcement motives in adolescents. It was hypothesized that frequent alcohol consumption in combination with specific personality traits (neuroticism for negative reinforcement and extraversion for positive reinforcement) could predict specific implicit alcohol-relaxation and arousal associations.

IgG antibodies to ATG early after pediatric hematopoietic SCT increase the risk of acute GVHD.

Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG), raised in rabbits, is frequently used in allogeneic hematopoietic SCT (HSCT), to prevent graft rejection and acute GVHD. In solid organ transplant patients, antibodies to rabbit IgG result in an enhanced clearance of ATG. The occurrence of such antibodies in HSCT recipients and their clinical impact is unknown.