Ischemic preconditioning: what else can it do…?

Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) can enhance maximal strength likely due to neural priming. Cruz et al. (Cruz R, Tramontin AF, Oliveira AS, Caputo F, Denadai BS, Greco CC.

Can the cross-education of strength attenuate the impact of detraining after a period of strength training? A quasi-randomized trial.

Purpose: Unilateral strength training may attenuate the decline in muscle strength and size in homologous, contralateral muscles. This study aimed to determine whether the cross-education of strength could specifically attenuate the effects of detraining immediately after a short (prehabilitation-type) period of strength training.

Methods: Twenty-six strength-trained participants were assigned to either four weeks of unilateral strength training of the stronger arm (UNI) or detraining (Detrain).

The impact of burn injury on the central nervous system.

Burn injuries can be devastating, with life-long impacts including an increased risk of hospitalization for a wide range of secondary morbidities. One area that remains not fully understood is the impact of burn trauma on the central nervous system (CNS). This review will outline the current findings on the physiological impact that burns have on the CNS and how this may contribute to the development of neural comorbidities including mental health conditions.

Impact of minimally invasive lung transplantation on early outcomes and analgesia use: A matched cohort study.

Background: Minimally invasive (MI) approaches to lung transplantation (LTx) offer the prospect of faster recovery compared to traditional incisions, however, little data exist describing the impact of surgical technique on early outcomes and analgesia use.

Methods: A prospectively maintained institutional registry identified 170 patients who underwent LTx between January, 2017 and June, 2022. Post-COVID acute respiratory distress syndrome, repeat, and multiorgan transplants were excluded (n = 27) leaving 37 MILTx and 106 traditional LTx patients.

Functional Brain Changes Following Burn Injury: A Narrative Review.

Background: Burn injuries cause significant motor and sensory dysfunctions that can negatively impact burn survivors' quality of life. The underlying mechanisms of these burn-induced dysfunctions have primarily been associated with damage to the peripheral neural architecture, however, evidence points to a systemic influence of burn injury. Central nervous system (CNS) reorganizations due to inflammation, afferent dysfunction, and pain could contribute to persistent motor and sensory dysfunction in burn survivors.

Impact of donor-recipient age-difference in adolescent heart transplantation.

Introduction: The relationship between donor age and adolescent heart transplant outcomes remains incompletely understood. We aimed to explore the effect of donor-recipient age difference on survival after adolescent heart transplantation.

Methods: The United Network for Organ Sharing database was used to identify 2,855 adolescents aged 10-17 years undergoing isolated primary heart transplantation from 1/1/2000 to 12/31/2022.

Racial Disparities in Failure to Rescue after Pediatric Heart Surgeries in the US.

Objective: To identify the trend in failure to rescue (FTR) and risk factors contributing to racial disparities in FTR after pediatric heart surgery using contemporary nationwide data.

Study Design: We identified 85 267 congenital heart surgeries in patients <18 years of age from 2009 to 2019 using the Kid's Inpatient Database. The primary outcome was FTR.

Impact on diabetes outcomes and team skills of integrating dietetic services into interprofessional education and teamwork in primary care.

Objectives: Diabetes is a complex disease requiring daily self-management of diet and activity, yet many patients do not receive recommended self-management education, medical nutrition therapy, or team-based care that includes registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs). Such service deficits contribute to challenges in meeting combined diabetes care goals. We evaluated the impact of adding RDN-supervised dietetic interns to an established primary care interprofessional education/teamwork model on patients' clinical outcomes and health professions students' team skills.

Repeat pediatric heart transplantation: A united network for organ sharing database analysis.

Background: A history of congenital heart disease and previous transplantation are each independently associated with worse survival following pediatric heart transplantation. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of children undergoing repeat heart transplantation in the United States based on the underlying diagnosis.

Methods: The United Network for Organ Sharing database was used to identify 8111 patients aged <18 years undergoing isolated heart transplantation from 2000 to 2021, including 435 (5.

A diffuse, pustular eruption in a neonate: Recognizing SAMD9L-associated autoinflammatory disease (SAAD).

A 3-week-old baby with hydrops fetalis, acute respiratory failure, and shock of unknown etiology developed a diffuse, pustular rash with worsening inflammatory markers and respiratory status despite antimicrobials. Whole exome sequencing revealed a de novo, frameshift mutation in the SAM9DL gene, leading to the diagnosis of SAMD9L-associated autoinflammatory disease.

Socioeconomic disparities in midterm outcomes after repair for degenerative mitral regurgitation.

Objective: The influence of socioeconomic disparities on survival after mitral repair is poorly defined. We examined the association between socioeconomic disadvantage and midterm outcomes of repair in Medicare beneficiaries with degenerative mitral regurgitation.

Methods: US Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services data were used to identify 10,322 patients undergoing isolated first-time repair for degenerative mitral regurgitation between 2012 and 2019.

Cumulative Risk and Externalizing Behaviors during Infancy in a Predominantly Latine Sample.

Externalizing behavior problems are among the top mental health concerns in early childhood, and many parenting interventions have been developed to address this issue. To better understand predictors of parenting intervention outcomes in high-risk families, this secondary data analysis evaluated the moderating effect of cumulative risk on child externalizing behaviors, parenting skills, and intervention dropout after completion of a home-based adaptation of the child-directed interaction phase of parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT) called the Infant Behavior Program (IBP). The participants included 58 toddlers (53% male; average age of 13.

Widespread keratinocytic epidermal nevus with an associated chylous pericardial effusion.

A 17-year-old male presented for review of a widespread keratinocytic epidermal nevus (KEN) in the setting of a chronic pericardial effusion. Biopsy of the epidermal nevus revealed a KRAS mutation. Pericardiocentesis revealed a chylous effusion and magnetic resonance lymphangiogram demonstrated an underlying lymphatic malformation.

Left atrial appendage closure during mitral repair in patients without atrial fibrillation.

Objective: Routine left atrial appendage closure during mitral repair in patients without atrial fibrillation (AF) is controversial. We aimed to compare the incidence of stroke after mitral repair in patients without recent AF according to left atrial appendage closure.

Methods: An institutional registry identified 764 consecutive patients without recent AF, endocarditis, prior appendage closure, or stroke undergoing isolated robotic mitral repair between 2005 and 2020.

Bridging with surgically placed microaxial left ventricular assist devices: a high-volume centre experience.

Objectives: The Impella 5.0 and 5.5 have largely superseded non-ambulatory temporary mechanical support devices; yet, clinical outcomes are predominantly limited to small series: this study presents the experience of a high-volume centre.

Piloting a Telehealth Interprofessional Diabetes Clinic During Covid 19: Continuing patient care and student learning.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a team of faculty from dietetics, nursing, pharmacy, and social work converted a long-standing effective Interprofessional Team Care Clinic (IPTCC) at two outpatient health centers to a telehealth clinic during 2020 and 2021. Preliminary data suggest that this pilot telehealth clinic for patients with diabetes or prediabetes was effective in significantly lowering average hemoglobin A1C levels and increasing students' perceived interprofessional skills. This article describes the pilot telehealth interprofessional model used to educate students and provide patient care, outlines preliminary data about its effectiveness, and makes recommendations for future research and practice.

Sources of online information utilized by caregivers of pediatric patients with atopic dermatitis.

There is limited information on the use of websites and social media platforms among dermatology patients. This survey study of 210 children with atopic dermatitis and their caretakers who attended dermatology clinic from 6/1/2020 through 5/1/2021 revealed that 83.8% had used online sources for information related to their condition.

Adult skeletal muscle peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ -related coactivator 1 is involved in maintaining mitochondrial content.

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 (PGC-1) family of transcriptional coactivators are regulators of mitochondrial oxidative capacity and content in skeletal muscle. Many of these conclusions are based primarily on gain-of-function studies using muscle-specific overexpression of PGC1s. We have previously reported that genetic deletion of both PGC-1α and PGC-1β in adult skeletal muscle resulted in a significant reduction in oxidative capacity with no effect on mitochondrial content.

Isolated Tricuspid Operations: The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database Analysis.

Background: Population-level data are limited regarding contemporary practice and outcomes of isolated tricuspid operations. We evaluated this using The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database.

Methods: We identified 14,704 isolated tricuspid operations from The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database from July 1, 2011 to June 30, 2020.

Heart transplantation for COVID-19 myopathy in the United States.

Evidence on characteristics and outcomes of patients undergoing heart transplantation for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated cardiomyopathy is limited to case reports. Of all 6,332 patients aged ≥18 years undergoing heart transplantation from July 2020 through May 2022 in the United Network for Organ Sharing database, 12 (0.2%) patients had COVID-19 myocarditis and 98 (1.

Sex Disparities in Failure to Rescue After Cardiac Surgery in California and New York.

Background: Women have a higher risk of mortality than men after cardiac surgery independent of other risk factors. The reason for this may not be limited to patient-specific variables. Failure to rescue (FTR) patients from death after a postoperative complication is a nationally endorsed quality care metric.

Antibiotic Use and Surgical Site Infections in Immunocompromised Patients After Mohs Micrographic Surgery: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Background: As Mohs micrographic surgery becomes more widely used in immunosuppressed patients, it is important to understand the risks in this unique population.

Objective: To determine whether immunosuppressed patients are at an increased risk for surgical site infection and evaluate the utility of postoperative antibiotics for the prevention of surgical site infection.

Materials And Methods: A single-center retrospective review of patients who underwent Mohs micrographic surgery between October 9, 2014, and August 20, 2021, was performed.

Robotic degenerative mitral repair: Factors associated with intraoperative revision and impact of mild residual regurgitation.

Objectives: National registry data show wide variability in degenerative mitral repair rates and infrequent use of intraoperative repair revision to eliminate residual mitral regurgitation (MR). The consequence of uncorrected mild residual MR is also not clear. We identified factors associated with intraoperative revision of degenerative mitral repair and evaluated long-term effects of intraoperative mild residual MR.