Tolerability and Preliminary Outcomes of Adjuvant T-DM1 in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer After Neoadjuvant Therapy: The ATD Study.

Background/objectives: HER2-positive breast cancer (HER2BC) is an aggressive subtype, with neoadjuvant treatment (NAT) aiming to achieve a pathological complete response (pCR) to improve long-term outcomes. Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) has been established as the standard of care in the adjuvant setting for HER2BC patients who do not obtain pCR. The ATD study aimed to evaluate the real-world tolerability of T-DM1 in this setting.

Electrical and structural remodelling in female athlete's heart: A comparative study in women vs men athletes and controls.

Background: Athlete's heart is associated with physiological electrical and structural remodelling. Despite the plethora of data published on male athletes, solid data derived from female athletes, compared to male counterparts or sedentary women, are still scarce.

Objectives: We aimed to analyze the electrical, structural, and functional characteristics of athlete's heart in female and male athletes vs sedentary controls.

Generation of LexA enhancer-trap lines in Drosophila by an international scholastic network.

Conditional gene regulation in Drosophila through binary expression systems like the LexA-LexAop system provides a superb tool for investigating gene and tissue function. To increase the availability of defined LexA enhancer trap insertions, we present molecular, genetic, and tissue expression studies of 301 novel Stan-X LexA enhancer traps derived from mobilization of the index SX4 line. This includes insertions into distinct loci on the X, II, and III chromosomes that were not previously associated with enhancer traps or targeted LexA constructs, an insertion into ptc, and seventeen insertions into natural transposons.

SARS-CoV-2 infection and return to play in junior competitive athletes: is systematic cardiac screening needed?

Background: SARS-CoV-2 infection might be associated with cardiac complications in low-risk populations, such as in competitive athletes. However, data obtained in adults cannot be directly transferred to preadolescents and adolescents who are less susceptible to adverse clinical outcomes and are often asymptomatic.

Objectives: We conducted this prospective multicentre study to describe the incidence of cardiovascular complications following SARS-CoV-2 infection in a large cohort of junior athletes and to examine the effectiveness of a screening protocol for a safe return to play.

The dual systems in temporal cognition: A spatial analogy.

The model presented by the authors can explain an inherent contradiction in people's naïve theory of time. In this commentary I suggest a way in which another paradox of our phenomenal temporality may be addressed along these lines. In the final section, I also discuss some concerns that may arise about the clear-cut distinction between humans and non-human animals.

Helicobacter pylori infection: association with dietary habits and socioeconomic conditions.

Introduction: Few studies have investigated factors possibly related to the source of Helicobacter pylori infection in humans.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective study including a population of 201 H.pylori positive patients and 259 H.

Safety Profile of Sclerosing Agents: An Analysis From the World Health Organization Pharmacovigilance Database VigiBase.

Background: Several sclerosing agents are used to treat chronic venous diseases. Although they do not seem to differ in terms of efficacy, their safety profiles might differ.

Objective: To compare the safety profile of sclerosing agents through an analysis of the World Health Organization pharmacovigilance database.

[Tuberculosis in Prato (Tuscany Region, Central Italy) in the period 2007-2014].

Objectives: a description of the epidemiology of tuberculosis in the province of Prato (Tuscany Region, Central Italy) during the period 2007-2014 and verify the latency time between the onset of symptoms and the start of therapy.

Design: descriptive, observational study.

Setting And Participants: tuberculosis cases were identified for the period 2007-2014 through an analysis of the notification files available at the Hygiene and Public Health Service of the Local Health Unit of Prato and through the Information System on Infectious Diseases database.

Diastereodivergent and Enantioselective Access to Spiroepoxides via Organocatalytic Epoxidation of Unsaturated Pyrazolones.

Readily available chiral amine-thioureas are effective catalysts for the first diastereo- and enantioselective epoxidation of unsaturated pyrazolones. The trans- or cis-spiroepoxides are preferentially obtained in good yield and high to excellent enantioselectivity using an appropriate organocatalyst and tert-butyl hydroperoxide as the oxidant. The epoxidation appears applicable to highly challenging β,β'-substituted unsaturated pyrazolones, giving access to spiroepoxides bearing two vicinal quaternary stereocenters.

Understanding the role of water in the interaction of ionic liquids with wood polymers.

Hemicellulose lean pulps are a raw material source for numerous high value products. We have previously presented the IONCELL-P(ulp) process, a hemicellulose extraction method, based on a binary mixture of ionic liquid and water. The IONCELL-P process does not suffer from yield losses or polymer degradation and retains the Cellulose I crystalline form.

Cellulose fractionation with IONCELL-P.

IONCELL-P is a solvent fractionation process, which can separate pulps almost quantitatively into pure cellulose and hemicellulose fractions using IL-water mixtures. In this work the role of the molecular weight of cellulose on its solubility in ionic liquid-water mixtures is studied. The aim of this study was to understand and identify the determining factors of this IONCELL-P fractionation.

Assessment of the effectiveness of the universal varicella vaccination program in Toscana (Italy), in the period 2010-2013.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of the varicella vaccination program in Toscana after one dose of vaccine, in the birth cohorts 2008-2011.

Design: Varicella vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated using the "screening method", based on vaccine coverage (VC) at 24 months and proportion of vaccinated subjects among varicella notified cases (PVC), verified through the Local Health Units' (LHUs) immunization registries. Breakthrough varicella (BV) was defined as a case of varicella occurring in a child vaccinated ≥42 days before the date of disease onset.

Rhabdomyolysis with Acute Renal Failure and Deep Vein Thrombosis Induced by Antipsychotic Drugs: A Case Report.

Atypical antipsychotics, the first line therapy for schizophrenia, have already been reported as causing rhabdomyolysis or isolated elevation in serum creatine kinase (SCK). This case report dealing with rhabdomyolysis in a 25-year-old man treated with antipsychotics is particularly unusual, due to the extremely high elevation in SCK and the ensuing acute renal failure. He was treated with loxapine 400 mg/day and risperidone 4 mg/day for 4 days and then loxapine was replaced by levomepromazine 300 mg/day.

Separation of hemicellulose and cellulose from wood pulp by means of ionic liquid/cosolvent systems.

Pulp of high cellulose content, also known as dissolving pulp, is needed for many purposes, including the production of cellulosic fibers and films. Paper-grade pulp, which is rich in hemicellulose, could be a cheap source but must be refined. Hitherto, hemicellulose extraction procedures suffered from a loss of cellulose and the non-recoverability of unaltered hemicelluloses.

A first evaluation of breast radiological density assessment by QUANTRA software as compared to visual classification.

Breast radiological density is a determinant of breast cancer risk and of mammography sensitivity and may be used to personalize screening approach. We first analyzed the reproducibility of visual density assessment by eleven experienced radiologists classifying a set of 418 digital mammograms: reproducibility was satisfactory on a four (BI-RADS D1-2-3-4: weighted kappa = 0.694-0.

The tyrosine kinase c-Abl promotes proliferation and is expressed in atypical teratoid and malignant rhabdoid tumors.

Background: Atypical teratoid/rhaboid tumors (AT/RTs) and extracranial malignant rhabdoid tumors are highly malignant neoplasms with a dismal prognosis. These tumors predominantly affect infants and targeted, adjuvant treatment approaches would be highly desirable.

Methods: In the current study, the authors investigated the expression and functional role of tyrosine kinases in 2 malignant rhabdoid tumor cell lines (A204 and G401) and in a series of 5 AT/RTs and 18 malignant rhabdoid tumors (13 rhabdoid tumors of the kidney and 5 extrarenal rhabdoid tumors).

Amplification and overexpression of KIT, PDGFRA, and VEGFR2 in medulloblastomas and primitive neuroectodermal tumors.

Medulloblastomas (MB) and primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET) are the most common malignant brain tumors in children. These two tumor types are histologically similar, but have different genetic backgrounds and clinical outcomes. Other brain tumors, such as gliomas, frequently have coamplification and overexpression of receptor tyrosine kinases KIT, platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA), and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2).

The challenge of imaging dense breast parenchyma: is magnetic resonance mammography the technique of choice? A comparative study with x-ray mammography and whole-breast ultrasound.

Purpose: To establish the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the breast in comparison to x-ray mammography and ultrasound for breast cancer evaluation in women with dense breast parenchyma.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred thirty-eight women with dense breast parenchyma who were suspicious for breast cancer or inconclusive for the presence of breast lesions based on clinical examination, ultrasound or x-ray mammography, and who underwent breast MRI at 1.5 T before and after administration of 0.

Contrast-enhanced MR mammography: improved lesion detection and differentiation with gadobenate dimeglumine.

Objective: The objective of our study was to intraindividually compare 0.1 mmol/kg doses of gadobenate dimeglumine and gadopentetate dimeglumine for contrast-enhanced breast MRI.

Subjects And Methods: Forty-seven women (mean age +/- SD, 50.

Mutation and copy number analysis of LNX1 and Numbl in nervous system tumors.

Alterations at chromosome locus 4q12 are frequently found in gliomas; this locus contains the receptor tyrosine kinase--encoding genes KIT, PDGFRA, and KDR (alias VEGFR2). Notable among the genes at this locus is LNX1, the ligand of Numb protein X. LNX1 encodes a PDZ domain containing protein, which interacts with the cell fate determinant Numbl, a Numb homolog-like gene involved in the maintenance of neural progenitor cells during embryonic neurogenesis.

Copy number alterations of the polycomb gene BMI1 in gliomas.

Gliomas are heterogeneous tumours that grow in an uninhibited fashion, and these brain tumour cells share numerous characteristics with neural stem cells. The BMI1 gene encodes a component of the polycomb protein complex regulating epigenetically gene activity via histone modification. It functions for instance during the development of the central nervous system and maturation of neural cells.

Contrast-enhanced MR mammography for evaluation of the contralateral breast in patients with diagnosed unilateral breast cancer or high-risk lesions.

Purpose: To prospectively evaluate accuracy of gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) mammography for depiction of synchronous contralateral breast cancer in patients with newly diagnosed unilateral breast cancer or high-risk lesions, with histologic analysis or follow-up as reference.

Materials And Methods: The study had ethics committee approval; all patients provided written informed consent. One hundred eighteen consecutive women (mean age, 52 years) with unilateral breast cancer or high-risk lesions and negative findings in the contralateral breast at physical examination, ultrasonography, and conventional mammography underwent gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced 1.

Survey of physician's attitudes and practices toward lipid-lowering management strategies.

Background: The purpose of the present study was to examine physician's attitudes and practices toward the use of different lipid-lowering management strategies in patients at increased risk for coronary heart disease (CHD).

Aims/methods: An internet-based questionnaire was completed by 78 general internists and family practitioners (mean age = 49 years; 80% male) affiliated with a large primary care health delivery system in Connecticut. Questions were asked about physician knowledge and use of current national guidelines for lipid-lowering therapy and their treatment practices for patients at varying risk for CHD.