Neighborhood disparities and the burden of lead poisoning.

Background: To assess the persistence of neighborhood-level lead poisoning disparities in Rhode Island.

Methods: Rhode Island Department of Health blood lead levels (BLL) collected from 2006-2019 were linked to census block group rates of poverty and housing built pre-1950. We computed multivariate logistic regression models of elevated BLLs (≥5 µg/dL and ≥10 µg/dL).

ADHD Symptoms Increased During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Emerging research suggests that the Covid-19 pandemic has disproportionately and adversely affected children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The purpose of this meta-analysis is to consolidate the findings from studies that examined changes in ADHD symptoms from before to during the pandemic.

Method: Database searches of PsycINFO, ERIC, PubMed, and ProQuest were used to identify relevant studies, theses, and dissertations.

The timing and amplitude of the muscular activity of the arms preceding impact in a forward fall is modulated with fall velocity.

Protective arm reactions have been shown to be an important injury avoidance mechanism in unavoidable falls. Protective arm reactions have been shown to be modulated with fall height, however it is not clear if they are modulated with impact velocity. The aim of this study was to determine if protective arm reactions are modulated in response to a forward fall with an initially unpredictable impact velocity.

The endometrial microbiota of women with or without a live birth within 12 months after a first failed IVF/ICSI cycle.

The endometrial microbiota composition may be associated with implantation success. However, a 'core' composition has not yet been defined. This exploratory study analysed the endometrial microbiota by 16S rRNA sequencing (V1-V2 region) of 141 infertile women whose first IVF/ICSI cycle failed and compared the microbiota profiles of women with and without a live birth within 12 months of follow-up, and by infertility cause and type.

Attitudes to reducing cervical screening frequency among UK women: A qualitative analysis.

Objective: Cervical cancer remains a significant health threat amongst women globally despite most cervical cancers being preventable through screening and Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination. With the introduction of HPV testing and vaccination, evidence suggests that the frequency of cervical screening for women can be reduced. However, there is limited evidence on women's attitudes to possible changes to the cervical screening programme.

The endocast from Dana Aoule North (DAN5/P1): A 1.5 million year-old human braincase from Gona, Afar, Ethiopia.

The nearly complete cranium DAN5/P1 was found at Gona (Afar, Ethiopia), dated to 1.5-1.6 Ma, and assigned to the species Homo erectus.

Salinity determines performance, functional populations, and microbial ecology in consortia attenuating organohalide pollutants.

Organohalide pollutants are prevalent in coastal regions due to extensive intervention by anthropogenic activities, threatening public health and ecosystems. Gradients in salinity are a natural feature of coasts, but their impacts on the environmental fate of organohalides and the underlying microbial communities remain poorly understood. Here we report the effects of salinity on microbial reductive dechlorination of tetrachloroethene (PCE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in consortia derived from distinct environments (freshwater and marine sediments).

Mechanistic and microbial ecological insights into the impacts of micro- and nano- plastics on microbial reductive dehalogenation of organohalide pollutants.

Micro- and nano-plastics are prevalent in diverse ecosystems, but their impacts on biotransformation of organohalide pollutants and underpinning microbial communities remain poorly understood. Here we investigated the influence of micro- and nano-plastics on microbial reductive dehalogenation at strain and community levels. Generally, microplastics including polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), polylactic acid (PLA), and a weathered microplastic mixture increased dehalogenation rate by 10 - 217% in both the Dehalococcoides isolate and enrichment culture, whereas the effects of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and a defined microplastic mixture depended on their concentrations and cultures.

We are meeting on Microsoft Teams: Forensic analysis in Windows, Android, and iOS operating systems.

Microsoft released a new communication platform, Microsoft Teams, in 2017. Due in part to COVID-19, the popularity of communication platforms, like Microsoft Teams, increased exponentially. Given its user base and increased popularity, it seems likely that digital forensic investigators will encounter cases where Microsoft Teams is a relevant component.

Recipient Survival after Orthotopic Liver Transplantation: Interpretable Machine Learning Survival Tree Algorithm for Patient-Specific Outcomes.

Background: Elucidating contributors affecting liver transplant survival is paramount. Current methods offer crude global group outcomes. To refine patient-specific mortality probability estimation and to determine covariate interaction using recipient and donor data, we generated a survival tree algorithm, Recipient Survival After Orthotopic Liver Transplantation (ReSOLT), using United Network Organ Sharing (UNOS) transplant data.

Single-Position Transpsoas Corpectomy and Posterior Instrumentation in the Thoracolumbar Spine for Different Clinical Scenarios.

Background: The concept of single-position spine surgery has been gaining momentum because it has proven to reduce operative time, blood loss, and hospital length of stay with similar or better outcomes than traditional dual-position surgery. The latest development in single-position spine surgery techniques combines either open or posterior pedicle screw fixation with transpsoas corpectomy while in the lateral or prone positioning.

Objective: To provide, through a multicenter study, the results of our first patients treated by single-position corpectomy.

A global perspective of advanced practice nursing research: A review of systematic reviews protocol.

Introduction: In 2020, the World Health Organization called for the expansion and greater recognition of all nursing roles, including advanced practice nurses (APNs), to better meet patient care needs. As defined by the International Council of Nurses (ICN), the two most common APN roles include nurse practitioners (NPs) and clinical nurse specialists (CNSs). They help ensure care to communities as well as patients and families with acute, chronic or complex conditions.

T-cell infiltrate intensity is associated with delayed response to treatment in late acute cellular rejection in pediatric liver transplant recipients.

Background: Late acute cellular rejection (ACR) is associated with donor-specific antibodies (DSA) development, chronic rejection, and allograft loss. However, accurate predictors of late ACR treatment response are lacking. ACR is primarily T-cell mediated, yet B cells and plasma cells (PC) also infiltrate the portal areas during late ACR.

Sortilin enhances fibrosis and calcification in aortic valve disease by inducing interstitial cell heterogeneity.

Aims: Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most common valve disease, which consists of a chronic interplay of inflammation, fibrosis, and calcification. In this study, sortilin (SORT1) was identified as a novel key player in the pathophysiology of CAVD, and its role in the transformation of valvular interstitial cells (VICs) into pathological phenotypes is explored.

Methods And Results: An aortic valve (AV) wire injury (AVWI) mouse model with sortilin deficiency was used to determine the effects of sortilin on AV stenosis, fibrosis, and calcification.

Perceptions of Palliative Care Program Viability During the Pandemic: Qualitative Results From a National Survey.

Palliative care programs have played a significant role during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the financial impact of the pandemic and operational challenges for palliative care programs have raised concerns for their future viability. To explore palliative care program leaders' perceptions of the future viability of their programs in the context of the pandemic and inform future educational and program development.

Ligament-Sparing Volar Radiocarpal Arthrotomy During Distal Radius Fracture Repair: Biomechanical Implications on Wrist Stability in a Cadaveric Model.

Purpose: Distal radius (DR) fracture fixation with volar locked plating typically uses indirect fracture reduction without direct visualization of the articular surface in an attempt to preserve the volar radiocarpal ligaments and prevent iatrogenic radiocarpal instability. This study assessed the biomechanical stability after a volar radiocarpal arthrotomy for direct articular visualization for DR fracture repair compared to a standard trans-flexor carpi radialis approach without arthrotomy in a cadaver model.

Methods: Ten fresh-frozen upper extremity matched-pair cadaveric specimens were tested.

Test accuracy of artificial intelligence-based grading of fundus images in diabetic retinopathy screening: A systematic review.

Objectives: To systematically review the accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI)-based systems for grading of fundus images in diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library and the ClinicalTrials.gov from 1st January 2000 to 27th August 2021.

Evaluation of Preoperative Factors Affecting Midterm Patient-Reported Outcomes Following Ligament Reconstruction Tendon Interposition: A Prognostic Study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of preoperative patient-reported outcomes as predictors of functional improvement following ligament reconstruction tendon interposition. We hypothesized that high levels of preoperative pain interference (PI) and upper-extremity disability are associated with lower magnitudes of functional improvement ≥1 year after surgery on the shortened version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) (primary outcome) and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Upper Extremity (UE) Computer Adaptive Test (CAT) (UE CAT) v1.2 (secondary outcome).

Contrasting Mechanisms of Aromatic and Aryl-Methyl Substituent Hydroxylation by the Rieske Monooxygenase Salicylate 5-Hydroxylase.

The hydroxylase component (S5HH) of salicylate-5-hydroxylase catalyzes C5 ring hydroxylation of salicylate but switches to methyl hydroxylation when a C5 methyl substituent is present. The use of O reveals that both aromatic and aryl-methyl hydroxylations result from monooxygenase chemistry. The functional unit of S5HH comprises a nonheme Fe(II) site located 12 Å across a subunit boundary from a one-electron reduced Rieske-type iron-sulfur cluster.