Binge eating disorder recognition and stigma among an adult community sample.

Background: Despite being the most prevalent eating disorder, Binge eating disorder (BED) remains largely unrecognized and lacks awareness among the general public, where it is also highly stigmatized. Common stigma surrounding BED includes the belief that individuals with this disorder are responsible for their condition and lack willpower and self-control. Research on BED recognition and stigma among lay adults is scarce.

Role of Sports Motivation and Basic Psychological Needs in the Relationship Between Child Maltreatment and Psychological Adaptation in Adolescents.

Child maltreatment poses serious consequences, while sports participation among adolescents offers a potential avenue for mitigating such consequences. This study, based on self-determination theory (SDT), examines the associations among child maltreatment, sports motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic), and satisfaction or frustration of basic psychological needs (BPNs). This study also investigated the mediating role of sports motivation in the relationship between child maltreatment and psychological adaptation.

Alexithymia as a mediator of the associations between child maltreatment and internalizing and externalizing behaviors in adolescence.

Child maltreatment is a global concern that profoundly affects individuals throughout their lives. This study investigated the relationships between various forms of child maltreatment and behavior problems involving internalization and externalization during adolescence. Data obtained from a diverse sample of 1802 Canadians aged 14-18 years was used to examine the mediating role of alexithymia-a difficulty in recognizing and expressing emotions-in these associations.

COVID-19-Related distress, body image, and eating behaviors: a cross-sectional explanatory model.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with increased body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behaviors in adolescents. To better understand these associations, this study tested an explanatory model in which appearance-focused social media use, internalization of social media pressure, and mindfulness abilities mediated the relationship between COVID-related distress and body dissatisfaction, which in turn was associated with dietary restraint and binge eating episodes.

Methods: Adolescents (N = 493, M= 16.

Impact of tomosynthesis on the evolution of the cancer detection rate in the French National Breast Cancer Screening Program.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the cancer detection rate in French National Breast Cancer Screening Program, especially the cancer detection rate during second reading session (Reading 2) based on digital technologies used in radiology centres.

Study Design: This was an analytical and descriptive study.

Methods: Cancer detection rate was estimated by the ratio between the number of cancers detected and the number of women screened.

Optimizing Practices, Use, Care, and Services-Antipsychotics (OPUS-AP) in Long-Term Care Centers in Quebec, Canada: A Successful Scale-Up.

Objectives: To evaluate the scale-up of the OPUS-AP program to improve the care of residents at long-term care (LTC) centers through the systematic implementation of resident-centered approaches to care, the application of nonpharmacologic interventions for the management of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), and the deprescribing of antipsychotics where these are not clinically indicated.

Design: Prospective, closed cohort.

Setting And Participants: Residents with major neurocognitive disorder (MNCD) from 24 (phase 1) and 129 (phase 2) publicly funded LTC centers in Quebec, Canada.

Exploring the implementation and underlying mechanisms of centralized referral systems to access specialized health services in Quebec.

Background: In 2016, Quebec, a Canadian province, implemented a program to improve access to specialized health services (Accès priorisé aux services spécialisés (APSS)), which includes single regional access points for processing requests to such services via primary care (Centre de répartition des demandes de services (CRDS)). Family physicians fill out and submit requests for initial consultations with specialists using a standardized form with predefined prioritization levels according to listed reasons for consultations, which is then sent to the centralized referral system (the CRDS) where consultations with specialists are assigned. We 1) described the APSS-CRDS program in three Quebec regions using logic models; 2) compared similarities and differences in the components and processes of the APSS-CRDS models; and 3) explored contextual factors influencing the models' similarities and differences.

Pharmacist-led transitions of care between hospitals, primary care clinics, and community pharmacies.

Background: Pharmacist-led transitions of care (TOC) interventions have been described as some of the most promising interventions to reduce medication-related harm (MRH) in older adults. This study analyzed the feasibility of pharmacist-led TOC interventions between hospitals, multidisciplinary primary care clinics (PCC), and community pharmacies.

Methods: Adults aged 65 years and older at risk of MRH in three regions of Quebec, Canada, with contrasting contexts of care based on university affiliation were recruited in this multicenter, single arm, and prospective intervention cohort.

Addressing Cancer Screening Inequities by Promoting Cancer Prevention Knowledge, Awareness, Self-Efficacy, and Screening Uptake Among Low-Income and Illiterate Immigrant Women in France.

Cancer screening rates are suboptimal for disadvantaged populations in France, yet little evidence exists on their cancer-related knowledge and screening barriers. The main objective of this study was to examine cancer-related knowledge, awareness, self-efficacy, and perceptions of screening barriers among low-income, illiterate immigrant women in France following an 8-weeks cancer educational intervention. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 164 female participants in the Ain department of France between January 2019 and March 2020.

Prediction of the severity of colorectal lesion by fecal hemoglobin concentration observed during previous test in the French screening program.

Background: The rate of positive tests using fecal immunochemical test (FIT) does not decrease with subsequent campaigns, but the positive predictive value of advanced neoplasia significantly decreases in subsequent campaign after a first negative test. A relationship between the fecal hemoglobin concentration (Fhb) and the opportunity to detect a colorectal cancer in subsequent campaign has been shown.

Aim: To predict the severity of colorectal lesions based on Fhb measured during previous colorectal cancer screening campaign.

Cognitive function in binge eating disorder and food addiction: A systematic review and three-level meta-analysis.

Background: An extensive body of recent research has focused on the contribution of cognitive functioning to eating behaviors. In binge eating disorder (BED) and food addiction (FA), the extent of cognitive impairment is still unclear. This study aimed to characterize, among those with BED and FA, neurocognitive functions using performances based on neuropsychological tasks in the context of neutral stimuli in adults.

Feasibility of an Intradialytic Combined Exercise Program Targeting Older Adults With End-Stage Renal Disease.

Unlabelled: Intradialytic exercise is feasible and yields substantial clinical benefits in middle-aged patients. However, evidence is scarce in older hemodialysis patients.

Objective: To assess the feasibility and clinical benefits of supervised, intradialytic exercise in older patients.

Food Addiction and Cognitive Functioning: What Happens in Adolescents?

This study aimed to examine cognitive factors associated to food addiction (FA) symptoms in a non-clinical sample of adolescents. A group of 25 adolescents (12-18 years; Mean age = 15.2 years) with a high level of FA symptoms (two and more) were compared to a control group without FA symptoms ( = 25), matched on sex and age, on four Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) neuropsychological tasks (MT: Multitasking Test; OTS: One Touch Stockings of Cambridge; SST: Stop Signal Task; RVP: Rapid Visual Information Processing).

Pharmacist-led transitions of care for older adults at risk of drug-related problems: A feasibility study.

Background: Transitions of care (TOC) is one of three key action areas identified in the World Health Organization (WHO)'s third Global Patient Safety Challenge, Medication Without Harm, released in 2017. Systematic reviews have shown that TOC interventions can improve health outcomes, although few studies have evaluated the role of the community pharmacist.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of a pharmacist-led TOC intervention for older adults at risk of drug-related problems.

Optimizing Practices, Use, Care and Services-Antipsychotics (OPUS-AP) in Long-term Care Centers in Québec, Canada: A Strategy for Best Practices.

Objectives: Antipsychotic medications are often used for the first-line management of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) contrary to guideline recommendations. The Optimizing Practices, Use, Care and Services-Antipsychotics (OPUS-AP) strategy aims to improve the well-being of long-term care (LTC) residents with major neurocognitive disorder (MNCD) by implementing a resident-centered approach, nonpharmacologic interventions, and antipsychotic deprescribing in inappropriate indications.

Design: Prospective, closed cohort supplemented by a developmental evaluation.

Food Addiction in Adolescents: Exploration of psychological symptoms and executive functioning difficulties in a non-clinical sample.

Recent studies on food addiction (FA) provided a better understanding of this condition in various populations. Indeed, authors have shown that FA was nearly as prevalent in adolescents as in adults, and similar correlates were observed in both populations (disordered eating behaviors, depressive and anxiety symptoms, impulsivity). The aim of the present study was to characterize FA in adolescents, according to psychological symptoms and executive functioning difficulties.

Comparing the attitudes of four groups of stakeholders from Quebec, Canada, toward extending medical aid in dying to incompetent patients with dementia.

Objective: The Canadian province of Quebec has recently legalized medical aid in dying (MAID) for competent patients who satisfy strictly defined criteria. The province is considering extending the practice to incompetent patients. We compared the attitudes of four groups of stakeholders toward extending MAID to incompetent patients with dementia.

Previous experiences of pregnancy and early motherhood among women living with HIV: a latent class analysis.

Previous maternity experiences may influence subsequent reproductive intentions and motherhood experiences. We used latent class analysis to identify patterns of early motherhood experience reported for the most recent live birth of 905 women living with HIV enrolled in the Canadian HIV Women's Sexual and Reproductive Health Cohort Study (CHIWOS). Four indicators were used: difficulties getting pregnant, feelings when finding out pregnancy, feelings during pregnancy, and feelings during the first year postpartum.

Psychosocial factors underlying symptoms of muscle dysmorphia in a non-clinical sample of men.

Muscle dysmorphia is primarily characterized by an excessive preoccupation that one's body is not muscular or lean enough. Muscle dysmorphia has shown clinical similarities with eating disorders. The present study aims to explore the psychosocial factors underlying muscle dysmorphia symptoms by referring to Stice's dual pathway model (1994), a theoretical model of eating disorders.

Quebec physicians' perspectives on medical aid in dying for incompetent patients with dementia.

Objectives: To elicit Quebec physicians' attitudes towards extending medical aid in dying (MAiD) to incompetent patients and to compare the attitudes of family physicians to those of other medical specialists.

Methods: We conducted a postal survey among physicians caring for patients with dementia. We used hypothetical vignettes to elicit their attitudes towards MAiD and continuous deep sedation (CDS) to relieve suffering at end of life.

Establishing a food addiction diagnosis using the Yale Food Addiction Scale: A closer look at the clinically significant distress/functional impairment criterion.

The concept of food addiction (FA) represents a set of problematic eating behaviors related to overeating. According to the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS), which was based on the DSM-IV-TR substance dependence diagnostic criteria, a FA diagnosis is assigned when at least three criteria and the criterion evaluating clinically significant distress and/or functional impairment are endorsed. Considering the decisive role of this last criterion, the present study aimed to investigate its endorsement among individuals suffering from severe obesity and awaiting bariatric surgery.

Executive functioning and psychological symptoms in food addiction: a study among individuals with severe obesity.

Food addiction (FA) has recently emerged as a new field in the study of obesity. Previous studies have contributed to identifying psychological correlates of FA. However, few researchers have examined the cognitive profile related to this condition; up until now, attentional biases related to food cues and a poorer performance monitoring have been observed.

Nurses' perspectives on whether medical aid in dying should be accessible to incompetent patients with dementia: findings from a survey conducted in Quebec, Canada.

We conducted a survey in a random sample of 514 Quebec nurses caring for the elderly to assess their attitudes towards extending medical aid in dying to incompetent patients and to explore associated factors. Attitudes were measured using clinical vignettes featuring a hypothetical patient with Alzheimer disease. Vignettes varied according to the stage of the disease (advanced or terminal) and the presence or absence of a written request.