Relationship between antimicrobial use and the highest number of multidrug-resistant-Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a 10-year study.

Introduction: Multi-drug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a dangerous pathogen causing nosocomial infection, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like Brazil. This retrospective study at a Brazilian university hospital examined the relationship between antimicrobial use and MDR-P. aeruginosa.

The pleiotropic protein P21 orchestrates the intracellular retention and parasitism control of virulent Y strain parasites.

P21 is a protein secreted by all forms of () with recognized biological activities determined in studies using the recombinant form of the protein. In our recent study, we found that the ablation of P21 gene decreased Y strain axenic epimastigotes multiplication and increased intracellular replication of amastigotes in HeLa cells infected with metacyclic trypomastigotes. In the present study, we investigated the effect of P21 using C2C12 cell lines infected with tissue culture-derived trypomastigotes (TCT) of wild-type and P21 knockout (TcP21) Y strain, and using an experimental model of infection in BALB/c mice.

Lipid nanoparticles based on natural matrices with activity against multidrug resistant bacterial species.

Lately, the bacterial multidrug resistance has been a reason to public health concerning around world. The development of new pharmacology therapies against infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria is urgent. In this work, we developed 10 NLC formulations composed of essential oils (EO), vegetable butter and surfactant.

An another perspective of face masks in emotion recognition: Comment on Shepherd and Rippon (2022).

In a recent article, Shepherd and Rippon (2022) investigated the impact of widespread face mask use on emotion recognition. They found that mask-wearing led to reduced accuracy in identifying emotions such as fear, sadness, and disgust when participants were exposed to brief facial stimuli. Their study highlights the significance of masks in concealing facial areas crucial for non-verbal communication, potentially affecting emotional well-being.

Appraising epidemiology data and antimicrobial resistance of urinary tract infections in critically ill adult patients: a 7-year retrospective study in a referral Brazilian hospital.

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are highly preventable and have significant clinical and financial impact on the patient and the health care system.

Objective: To investigate UTIs in critically ill adult patients and the relationship of antimicrobial consumption and multidrug-resistant isolate.

Design And Setting: A cohort study performed in a Brazilian tertiary-care university hospital in the city of Uberlandia (MG), located at the Federal University of Uberlandia, southeast region of the country.

Multicentre surveillance of epidemiologically important pathogens causing nosocomial bloodstream infections and pneumonia trials in Brazilian adult intensive care units.

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are the most recurrent adverse event in hospitals worldwide and represent an important public health problem. There are a paucity of multicentric data describing severe HAIs such as bloodstream infection (BSI) and pneumonia in Brazil. To provide an up-to-date picture of the extent and patterns of HAIs in adult intensive care units (ICUs), as well as to identify variables associated with the risk of development of severe infections.

Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecium isolated from pigeon droppings (Columba livia) in the external environment close to hospitals.

Background: Domestic pigeons carry pathogens in their droppings, posing a potential public health problem.

Methods: The phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistances of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecium in the feces of urban pigeons near hospitals with intensive care units were measured.

Results: Twenty-nine samples showed Enterococcus growth, whereas one was positive for S.

WHO Critical Priority Escherichia coli as One Health Challenge for a Post-Pandemic Scenario: Genomic Surveillance and Analysis of Current Trends in Brazil.

The dissemination of carbapenem-resistant and third generation cephalosporin-resistant pathogens is a critical issue that is no longer restricted to hospital settings. The rapid spread of critical priority pathogens in Brazil is notably worrying, considering its continental dimension, the diversity of international trade, livestock production, and human travel. We conducted a nationwide genomic investigation under a One Health perspective that included Escherichia coli strains isolated from humans and nonhuman sources, over 45 years (1974-2019).

Financial impact of healthcare-associated infections on intensive care units estimated for fifty Brazilian university hospitals affiliated to the unified health system.

Background: Studies show that healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) represent a crucial issue in healthcare and can lead to substantial economic impacts in intensive care units (ICUs).

Aim: To estimate direct costs associated with the most significant HAIs in 50 teaching hospitals in Brazil, affiliated to the unified health system (Sistema Único de Saúde: SUS).

Methods: A Monte Carlo simulation model was designed to estimate the direct costs of HAIs; first, epidemiologic and economic parameters were established for each HAI based on a cohort of 949 critical patients (800 without HAI and 149 with); second, simulation based on three Brazilian prevalence scenarios of HAIs in ICU patients (29.

Gram-negative bacilli bacteremia: a 7 year retrospective study in a referral Brazilian tertiary-care teaching hospital.

. Bloodstream infection is one of the most frequent and challenging hospital-acquired infections and it is associated with high morbidity, mortality and additional use of healthcare resources. Bloodstream infections have consequences for the patient, such as the evolution to mortality and inappropriate empirical antibiotic prescription, especially when caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli.

High mortality by nosocomial infections caused by carbapenem-resistant in a referral hospital in Brazil: facing the perfect storm.

. Carbapenem-resistant is responsible for increased patient mortality. Five and 30 day in-hospital all-cause mortality in patients with infections were assessed, followed by evaluations concerning potential correlations between the type III secretion system (TTSS) genotype and the production of metallo-β-lactamase (MBL).

Novel ST1465/CC216 Nosocomial Lineage of Carbapenem-Resistant Harboring an Unusual Plasmid Carrying Gene.

This study used whole-genome sequencing to analyze the first case of NDM-1-producing belonging to the novel sequence type 1465/CC216 recovered in Brazil. The study identified an unusual plasmid carrying gene, in which some genes of the Tn transposon were lost. Besides, on the chromosome, the strain reported here presented gene, a variant of gene, and with IS upstream.

Costs of healthcare-associated infections to the Brazilian public Unified Health System in a tertiary-care teaching hospital: a matched case-control study.

Background: Little is known about the economic burden of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in Brazil.

Aim: To analyse the costs of hospitalization by reimbursement from the Brazilian government, via the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) affiliation, and direct costs in the adult Intensive Care Unit (ICU).

Methods: The matched-pairs case-control study (83 patients with HAIs and 83 without HAIs) was performed at a referral tertiary-care teaching hospital in Brazil in January 2018.

Infections and antimicrobial resistance in an adult intensive care unit in a Brazilian hospital and the influence of drug resistance on the thirty-day mortality among patients with bloodstream infections.

Introduction: The present study aimed to determine the incidence of health care-associated infections (HCAIs) and identify the main resistant microorganisms in intensive care unit (ICU) patients in a Brazilian university hospital.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a Brazilian teaching hospital between 2012 and 2014.

Results: Overall, 81.

Novel small IncX3 plasmid carrying the bla gene in high-risk Klebsiella pneumoniae ST11/CG258.

This study used whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and PFGE to analysis KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains from clinical specimens collected in Brazilian hospitals. The study identifies the emergence of a novel small IncX3 plasmid (pKPB11), 12,757-bp in length, in a high-risk K. pneumoniae ST11/CG258 lineage, a successful clonal group in Brazil, carrying the bla gene on a non-Tn4401 genetic element (NTE-Ic).

Incidence of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CR-Ab) has become a worrying health care problem, mainly in developing countries, such as Brazil. The objective was to investigate the prevalence and prognostic factors for CR-Ab infections at a Brazilian university hospital and examine the impact of inappropriate antimicrobial therapy on patient outcome.

Methods: A retrospective study on hospitalized patients with CR-Ab infections was carried out from January 2013 to December 2017.