"It Just Depends on Their Stability": A Qualitative Examination of Patient Factors Influencing Providers' Contraceptive Counseling Approaches for Persons With Substance Use Disorders.

Objectives: This qualitative study examined how patient-related factors influence providers' contraceptive counseling for persons with substance use disorders (SUDs). Specifically, we explored individual behavior and social factors that contribute to providers modifying their contraceptive counseling approaches and described how providers alter their counseling recommendations and communication strategies in the presence of such factors.

Methods: In 2019, we purposively recruited a national sample of contraceptive providers (N = 24) and conducted semistructured phone interviews to inquire about their contraceptive counseling practices for women with SUDs.

Provider Perspectives of Barriers to Contraceptive Access and Use among Women with Substance Use Disorders.

Objectives: Previous studies conducted from the patient perspective indicate that women with substance use disorders (SUDs) experience extensive barriers to contraceptive access and use (CAU), but there is limited research investigating this topic from the provider perspective. We explored provider perspectives on the barriers to CAU for women with SUDs. As a secondary objective, we highlighted provider contraceptive counseling strategies to address patient CAU barriers.

Contraceptive initiation after delivery among women with and without opioid use disorders: A retrospective cohort study in a statewide Medicaid population, 2005-2016.

Background: This study examined contraceptive initiation patterns in the 12 months following childbirth among women with opioid use disorder (OUD), women with non-opioid substance use disorders (SUDs), and women without SUDs.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using claims data from South Carolina Medicaid-enrolled women aged 15-44 who had singleton live birth between January 2005 and December 2016. Study outcomes were initiation of most or moderately effective (MME) contraceptive methods.

"It's a very nuanced discussion with every woman": Health care providers' communication practices during contraceptive counseling for patients with substance use disorders.

Objective: To explore health care providers' communication practices during contraceptive counseling for women with substance use disorders (SUDs).

Study Design: In 2019, we conducted semi-structured phone interviews with a purposive sample of medical doctors and advanced practice nurses (n = 24). A two-member team analyzed these interviews for themes using deductive and inductive techniques and ATLAS.

Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative Is Associated with Lower Rates of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia.

The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) advances practices that support exclusive breastfeeding. BFHI practices are associated with increased breastfeeding rates, however, other patient outcomes are not well described. This study examined the association of BFHI practices with hyperbilirubinemia and phototherapy between groups of newborns born before and after BFHI implementation at an urban, tertiary academic medical center in South Carolina.

Factors associated with longer endocrine therapy use by South Carolina Medicaid-insured breast cancer survivors.

Purpose: The objective of this study is to determine demographic, clinical, and pharmaceutical factors that are associated with longer endocrine therapy usage duration.

Methods: South Carolina Central Cancer Registry incidence data linked with South Carolina Medicaid prescription claims and administrative data were used. The study included a sample ( = 1399) of female South Carolina Medicaid recipients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer diagnosed between 2000 and 2012 who filled at least one ET prescription.

Endocrine therapy use in the twenty-first century: usage rates and temporal trends illustrate opportunities for improvement for South Carolina Medicaid women.

Purpose: This study examines endocrine therapy (ET) non-initiation, non-adherence, and duration by age, race, temporal trend for South Carolina Medicaid-enrolled women diagnosed with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer between 2000 and 2014 (N = 3830).

Methods: Age, race, relative risk, and median duration of ET use were compared. Temporal trends in ET non-initiation, non-adherence, and duration were observed using linear and logistic regression models, controlling for age and race.

Qualitative Study of Oncologists' Views on the CancerLinQ Rapid Learning System.

Introduction: ASCO is actively developing CancerLinQ (CLQ), a rapid learning system for oncology care. The purpose of this study was to explore providers' opinions and concerns related to implementation of CLQ, including ethical issues.

Methods: Twenty key informant oncologists were recruited for individual in-depth interviews through ASCO contacts, purposively selected to represent a wide variety of cancer specialties as well as different levels of familiarity with CLQ (familiar v unfamiliar).

Assessing medical student cultural competence: what really matters.

Objectives: The study aimed to explore medical students' attitudes and beliefs toward Latino patients, specifically: to assess students' levels of knowledge, cultural competence, and comfort with Latinos; to determine students' exposure to and previous experience with Latinos; and to evaluate whether factors such as study abroad, living abroad, previous clinical experience with Latinos, and language proficiency predict Latino knowledge, cultural competence, and comfort with Latinos.

Methods: This study utilized a cross-sectional survey design. Participants were third and fourth year medical students at three medical schools in the Southeastern United States.

Preparing for patient-centered care: assessing nursing student knowledge, comfort, and cultural competence toward the Latino population.

As the Latino population continues to grow throughout the United States, cultural competence training of nursing students at the baccalaureate level has become a priority. This study aimed to explore undergraduate nursing students' attitudes and beliefs toward Latino patients and their perceived readiness to provide care to Latino patients. A cross-sectional survey was conducted at four major nursing schools in the southeastern United States, which is the region that has seen the highest percentage of growth in the Latino population.

Findings from the Community Health Intervention Program in South Carolina: implications for reducing cancer-related health disparities.

The South Carolina Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network (SC-CPCRN) implemented the Community Health Intervention Program (CHIP) mini-grants initiative to address cancer-related health disparities and reduce the cancer burden among high-risk populations across the state. The mini-grants project implemented evidence-based health interventions tailored to the specific needs of each community. This study aims to support the SC-CPCRN's goals of moving toward greater dissemination and implementation of evidence-based programs in the community to improve public health, prevent disease, and reduce the cancer burden.

Content, placement, and acquisition of cancer education for Latino patient care: a qualitative study of medical and nursing students.

A focus group study was conducted with five medical and nursing education programs in Southeastern USA. Twenty-five third and fourth year students were queried about their experiences, beliefs, and attitudes regarding Latino patients and cancer care. A general inductive process using open coding and content comparison to identify emerging themes was used to analyze the qualitative data.

Knowledge, perceptions, and motivations related to HPV vaccination among college women.

Little research exists on the factors that affect the uptake patterns of the recently developed Gardasil® vaccine among young women. Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of 18-24-year-old female students (n = 1,975) were assessed via an electronic survey. Mean HPV knowledge score, on a 10-point scale, was 6.

Educational and health services innovation to improve care for rural Hispanic communities in the US.

Background: Access to comprehensive and quality health care services is difficult for socioeconomically disadvantaged groups in rural regions. Barriers to health care for rural Latinos include lack of insurance, language barriers and cultural differences. For the Latino immigrant population in rural areas, barriers to access are compounded.

Connecting rural African American and Hispanic women to cancer education and screening: the Avon Health Connector project.

Background: Many barriers prevent minority women in rural areas from being screened for breast and cervical cancer.

Methods: A partnership was formed to screen low-income women in a Southern Appalachian area, with particular focus on African American and Hispanic populations. A lay health advisor model was utilized, and 45 LHAs were trained to participate in the program.

Guidelines for public health practitioners serving as student preceptors.

Student fieldwork and service learning are valuable strategies for developing the skills of future public health professionals. Practitioners who serve as preceptors to students often receive little preparation for guiding and evaluating students. Findings from a review of fieldwork and service learning literature and a program evaluation of an undergraduate public health program at a large southern public university were used to construct guidelines for the practitioners supervising students in the field.

Fatalism toward breast cancer among the women of Ghana.

Personal beliefs about health and illness influence many people's decisions about seeking care. This research represents a study of beliefs about breast cancer held by African women in Ghana. In-person interviews based on the revised Powe fatalism inventory (rPFI) were held with 109 women.

Implications for breast and cervical cancer control for Latinas in the rural South: a review of the literature.

The Latino population has more than tripled in six southern US states. Little research exists describing the Latino population in the rural South and the unique cancer control needs of this group. This article reviews existing literature on Latinas with a focus on rural southern settlement processes and applicable breast and cervical cancer control research.

An examination of critical care nurses' knowledge and attitudes regarding pain management in hospitalized patients.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of an educational intervention focused on pain management. The sample consisted of 30 medical/surgical intensive care nurses (age range, 23 to 62 years) employed in a large metropolitan hospital in the southeastern United States. McCaffery and Ferrell's Nurses' Knowledge and Attitude Survey Regarding Pain was administered at 2 points in time: before and after the educational program.

The status of injury in upstate South Carolina.

In conclusion, injuries are a leading cause of emergency room visits and hospital admissions in the upstate of South Carolina. Age was a major factor in the type of injury risk, hospitalization and, once hospitalized, length of stay and cost of hospital care. Future research efforts should include both quantitative and qualitative approaches to develop a more precise profile of persons who are most at risk for injury due to falls, motor vehicle crashes and intentional injuries.

Patterns of breast, cervical, colorectal, and prostate cancer in the Appalachian region of South Carolina.

Objectives: This study examined the relationship between demographic factors and other correlates of late stage diagnoses among residents in the Appalachian region of South Carolina.

Design: The study employed a cross-sectional study design.

Methods: Regional data from 4,928 prostate, breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer registry cases were examined as part of a statewide pilot registry effort.

Importance of fatalism in understanding mammography screening in rural elderly women.

This study examined the relationship between demographic factors and other correlates of fatalism, and assessed the impact of fatalistic beliefs on the participation in breast cancer screening in rural women. The subjects were 220 women aged 50 and over recruited from 6 large rural counties in South Carolina. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the revised Powe Fatalism Inventory.