Computational analysis of p63(+) nuclei distribution pattern by graph theoretic approach in an oral pre-cancer (sub-mucous fibrosis).

Background: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a pre-cancerous condition with features of chronic, inflammatory and progressive sub-epithelial fibrotic disorder of the buccal mucosa. In this study, malignant potentiality of OSF has been assessed by quantification of immunohistochemical expression of epithelial prime regulator-p63 molecule in correlation to its malignant (oral squamous cell carcinoma [OSCC] and normal counterpart [normal oral mucosa [NOM]). Attributes of spatial extent and distribution of p63(+) expression in the epithelium have been investigated.

Enhanced fumaric acid production from brewery wastewater and insight into the morphology of Rhizopus oryzae 1526.

The present work explores brewery wastewater as a novel substrate for fumaric acid production employing the filamentous fungal strain Rhizopus oryzae 1526 through submerged fermentation. The effects of different parameters such as substrate total solid concentrations, fermentation pH, incubation temperature, flask shaking speed, and inoculum size on the fungal morphologies were investigated. Different morphological forms (mycelium clumps, suspended mycelium, and solid/hairy pellets) of R.

Blood pressure in different levels of BMI.

Body mass index (BMI) is an inexpensive and easy-to-perform method of screening for weight. In recent years, non-communicable diseases (NCD) like obesity, hypertension and Type-2 diabetes are on the increase in the developed and developing nations. This Analytical cross sectional study was done to appraise the effect of overweight and obesity in development of high blood pressure.

Primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma involving the left pulmonary vein presenting as a left atrial tumor.

A 35-year-old woman presented with 4 months history of progressively increasing intermittent dyspnea and hemoptysis. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a loculated mass in the left atrium (LA). A provisional diagnosis of LA myxoma was made.

A quantitative measure for protein conformational heterogeneity.

Conformational heterogeneity is a defining characteristic of proteins. Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and denatured state ensembles are extreme manifestations of this heterogeneity. Inferences regarding globule versus coil formation can be drawn from analysis of polymeric properties such as average size, shape, and density fluctuations.

Plant mediated green synthesis: modified approaches.

Plant mediated green synthesis of different metallic nanoparticles has emerged as one of the options for implementation of green chemistry principles, and successfully made an important contribution towards green nanotechnology. However, beyond the synthesis and application aspects, the science of green synthesis has carried some wrong perceptions in an unforeseen fashion. In this review, some of the key issues related to the green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles employing plants as reducing/capping agents have been addressed.

Epithelio-mesenchymal transitional attributes in oral sub-mucous fibrosis.

Evaluating molecular attributes in association with its epithelial and sub-epithelial changes of oral sub-mucous fibrosis is meaningful in exploring the plausibility of an epithelio-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and malignant potentiality of this pathosis. In this study histopathological and histochemical attributes for basement membrane and connective tissue in biopsies of oral sub-mucous fibrosis (n = 55) and normal oral mucosa (n = 16) were assessed and expressions of p63, E-cadherin, β-catenin, N-cadherin and TWIST were analyzed immunohistochemically. The p63 and its isoforms (TA and ∆N), PARD3, E-cadherin and β-catenin were also assessed transcriptomically by q-PCR and EMT players like TWIST1, ZEB1, MMP9 and micro-RNA 205 were searched in gene expression microarrays.

Conformations of intrinsically disordered proteins are influenced by linear sequence distributions of oppositely charged residues.

The functions of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are governed by relationships between information encoded in their amino acid sequences and the ensembles of conformations that they sample as autonomous units. Most IDPs are polyampholytes, with sequences that include both positively and negatively charged residues. Accordingly, we focus here on the sequence-ensemble relationships of polyampholytic IDPs.

Bilateral single ectopic ureters draining into a grossly dilated vagina in an adolescent female.

A 16-year-old female presented with dribbling of urine along with voluntary voiding since birth. Renal imaging revealed hydroureteronephrosis on the right side; the uterus and ovary were normal. A radionuclide scan showed a left nonfunctional kidney.

Diphenylmethyl selenocyanate attenuates malachite green induced oxidative injury through antioxidation & inhibition of DNA damage in mice.

Background & Objectives: Malachite green (MG), an environmentally hazardous material, is used as a non permitted food colouring agent, especially in India. Selenium (Se) is an essential nutritional trace element required for animals and humans to guard against oxidative stress induced by xenobiotic compounds of diverse nature. In the present study, the role of the selenium compound diphenylmethyl selenocyanate (DMSE) was assessed on the oxidative stress (OS) induced by a food colouring agent, malachite green (MG) in vivo in mice.

Locoregional recurrence following accelerated partial breast irradiation for early-stage invasive breast cancer: significance of estrogen receptor status and other pathological variables.

Background: Understanding risk factors for locoregional recurrence (LRR) after accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) can help to guide patient selection for treatment with APBI. Published findings to date have not been consistent. More data are needed as these risk factors continue to be defined.

Growth hormone-independent suppression of growth hormone-dependent female isoforms of cytochrome P450 by the somatostatin analog octreotide.

Octreotide is a potent somatostatin analog therapeutically used to treat several conditions including hyper growth hormone secretion in patients with acromegaly. We infused octreotide into female Sprague Dawley rats every 12h for 6 days at levels considerably greater than typical human therapeutic doses. Resulting circulating growth hormone profiles were characterized by ∼25% reduction in plasma levels, including both pulse and interpulse components, but still contained in an otherwise female-like "continuous" secretory profile.

Assessment of molecular events during in vitro re-epithelialization under honey-alginate matrix ambience.

Re-epithelialization is one of the most important stages of cutaneous regeneration and its success requires supportive micro-ambience which may be provided with suitable bio-matrix. Biocompatibility and efficacy of such bio-matrix in re-epithelialization could be explored by multimodal analysis of structural and functional attributes of in vitro wound healing model including evaluation of prime molecular expressions of the epithelial cells during repair. Present study examines the influence of honey-alginate and alginate matrices on re-epithelialization in keratinocyte (HaCaT) population in a 2-D wound model.

Cannabidiol reduces cigarette consumption in tobacco smokers: preliminary findings.

The role of the endocannabinoid system in nicotine addiction is being increasingly acknowledged. We conducted a pilot, randomised double blind placebo controlled study set out to assess the impact of the ad-hoc use of cannabidiol (CBD) in smokers who wished to stop smoking. 24 smokers were randomised to receive an inhaler of CBD (n=12) or placebo (n=12) for one week, they were instructed to use the inhaler when they felt the urge to smoke.

A rare case of a left atrial hemangioma mimicking a myxoma.

A 68-year-old gentleman presented with a recent history of exertional dyspnea associated with anginal chest pain. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a well-circumscribed mass in the left atrium attached to the inter-atrial septum. A provisional diagnosis of left atrial (LA) myxoma was made.

Finding an optimum immuno-histochemical feature set to distinguish benign phyllodes from fibroadenoma.

Purpose: Benign phyllodes and fibroadenoma are two well-known breast tumors with remarkable diagnostic ambiguity. The present study is aimed at determining an optimum set of immuno-histochemical features to distinguish them by analyzing important observations on expressions of important genes in fibro-glandular tissue.

Methods: Immuno-histochemically, the expressions of p63 and α-SMA in myoepithelial cells and collagen I, III and CD105 in stroma of tumors and their normal counterpart were studied.

Influence of nanohelical shape and periodicity on stem cell fate.

Microenvironments such as protein composition, physical features, geometry, and elasticity play important roles in stem cell lineage specification. The components of the extracellular matrix are known to subsequently assemble into fibrillar networks in vivo with defined periodicity. However, the effect of the most critical parameter, which involves the periodicity of these fibrillar networks, on the stem cell fate is not yet investigated.

Optical, spectroscopic, and Doppler evaluation of "normal" and "abnormal" reflexology areas in lumbar vertebral pathology: a case study.

Scientific validation of reflexology requires an in-depth and noninvasive evaluation of "reflexology/reflex areas" in health and disease. The present paper reports the differential properties of "normal" and "abnormal" reflexology areas related to the lumbar vertebrae in a subject suffering from low back pain. The pathology is supported by radiological evidence.

Cannabidiol enhances consolidation of explicit fear extinction in humans.

Rationale: Whilst Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychotomimetic cannabinoid, has been shown to enhance extinction learning in rats, its effects on fear memory in humans have not previously been studied.

Objectives: We employed a Pavlovian fear-conditioning paradigm in order to assess the effects of CBD on extinction and consolidation.

Method: Forty-eight participants were conditioned to a coloured box (CS) with electric shocks (UCS) in one context and were extinguished in a second context.

Processing of facial affect in social drinkers: a dose-response study of alcohol using dynamic emotion expressions.

Rationale: Studies of affect recognition can inform our understanding of the interpersonal effects of alcohol and help develop a more complete neuropsychological profile of this drug.

Objectives: The objective of the study was to examine affect recognition in social drinkers using a novel dynamic affect-recognition task, sampling performance across a range of evolutionarily significant target emotions and neutral expressions.

Methods: Participants received 0, 0.

The effects of N-methyl D-aspartate and B-adrenergic receptor antagonists on the reconsolidation of reward memory: a meta-analysis.

Pharmacological memory reconsolidation blockade provides a potential mechanism for ameliorating the maladaptive reward memories underlying relapse in addiction. Two of the most promising classes of drug that interfere with reconsolidation and have translational potential for human use are N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and B-Adrenergic receptor (B-AR) antagonists. We used meta-analysis and meta-regression to assess the effects of these drugs on the reconsolidation of reward memory in preclinical models of addiction.

How is functional specificity achieved through disordered regions of proteins?

N-type inactivation of potassium channels is controlled by cytosolic loops that are intrinsically disordered. Recent experiments have shown that the mechanism of N-type inactivation through disordered regions can be stereospecific and vary depending on the channel type. Variations in mechanism occur despite shared coarse grain features such as the length and amino acid compositions of the cytosolic disordered regions.

Noncanonical suppression of GH-dependent isoforms of cytochrome P450 by the somatostatin analog octreotide.

Octreotide is a potent somatostatin analog therapeutically used to treat several conditions including hyper GH secretion in patients with acromegaly. We infused, over 30 s, octreotide into male rats every 12 h for 6 days at levels considerably greater than typical human therapeutic doses. Unexpectedly, resulting circulating GH profile was characterized by pulses of higher amplitudes, longer durations, and greater total content than normal, but still contained an otherwise male-like episodic secretory profiles.

Susceptibility anisotropy in an iron arsenide superconductor revealed by x-ray diffraction in pulsed magnetic fields.

In addition to unconventional high-T(c) superconductivity, the iron arsenides exhibit strong magnetoelastic coupling and a notable electronic anisotropy within the a-b plane. We relate these properties by studying underdoped Ba(Fe(1-x)Co(x))2As2 by x-ray diffraction in pulsed magnetic fields up to 27.5 T.

Studies on the identification and control of pathogen Saprolegnia in selected Indian major carp fingerlings at mid hill altitude.

The Indian major carp cultured in ponds in the North Eastern hilly states of India frequently suffer from fungal disease during winter months resulting in mass mortality. This study examined the pathogenic fungi isolated from farmed raised Indian major carp fingerlings and identified as Saprolegnia. For treatment, the diseased fish were exposed to 4g salt per litre of water for 2 min followed by dip treatment with 5ppm KMnO4 for 10 min, thrice every week for a period of 6 weeks.