Validation and performance of MicroVue sC5b-9 Plus ELISA on the Dynex DS2 platform.

Background: The complement membrane attack complex involves C5b-mediated assembly of C6-C9 polymers to form pores in cell membranes during complement activation. Inactive complexes can become soluble C5b-9 (sC5b-9) when they bind to Protein S. Elevated sC5b-9 levels are associated with increased risk of hematopoietic stem cell transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA), a serious condition which can be improved with eculizumab therapy.

Clustered warming tolerances and the nonlinear risks of biodiversity loss on a warming planet.

Anthropogenic climate change is projected to become a major driver of biodiversity loss, destabilizing the ecosystems on which human society depends. As the planet rapidly warms, the disruption of ecological interactions among populations, species and their environment, will likely drive positive feedback loops, accelerating the pace and magnitude of biodiversity losses. We propose that, even without invoking such amplifying feedback, biodiversity loss should increase nonlinearly with warming because of the non-uniform distribution of biodiversity.

Phenological variation in biotic interactions shapes population dynamics and distribution in a range-shifting insect herbivore.

Phenological responses to climate change vary across trophic levels. However, how trophic phenological synchrony determines species' distributions through its effects on population dynamics has rarely been addressed. Here, we show that phenological variation underlies population and geographical range dynamics in a range-shifting herbivore, and demonstrate its interplay with changing trophic interactions.

Juno Observations of Jupiter's Magnetodisk Plasma: Implications for Equilibrium and Dynamics.

The Jovian magnetodisk plays an essential role in the dynamics of the Jupiter system by coupling its various components. Here, we investigate the Juno (JADE, JEDI, and MAG) observations of the magnetodisk within 20-80 Jupiter radii ( ) in the 0-6 hr local time sector. JADE and JEDI data are combined to generate equatorial plane distributions of density, pressure, temperature, and anisotropy of electrons, protons, and heavy ions.

Significant metabolic alterations in mouse dams exposed to an environmental mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) during gestation and lactation: Insights into PCB and metabolite profiles.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and their metabolites are linked to developmental neurotoxicity, but their levels in the gestational and lactational environment remain unexplored. This study investigated the effects of dietary exposure to the Fox River Mixture (FRM) on serum levels of PCBs and their metabolites in female C57BL/6 J mice. Mice were exposed to 0.

Reduced Stroke Volume and Brain Perfusion Drive Postural Hyperventilation in Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome.

Postural hyperventilation has been implicated as a cause of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), yet the precise mechanisms underlying the heightened breathing response remain unclear. This study challenges current hypotheses by revealing that exaggerated peripheral chemoreceptor activity is not the primary driver of postural hyperventilation. Instead, significant contributions from reduced stroke volume and compromised brain perfusion during orthostatic stress were identified.

Quantifying Dendritic Arbors In Vitro and In Vivo in Rodent Models.

Dendritic arborization is a critical determinant of neuronal connectivity. The structure of a neuron's dendritic arbor determines the number of synaptic inputs a neuron can receive and how it processes synaptic input from other neurons. Here, we describe methods for visualizing and quantifying the dendritic arbor in primary cell cultures and in the intact rodent brain.

Developmental exposure to the Fox River PCB mixture modulates behavior in juvenile mice.

Developmental exposures to PCBs are implicated in the etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). This observation is concerning given the continued presence of PCBs in the human environment and the increasing incidence of NDDs. Previous studies reported that developmental exposure to legacy commercial PCB mixtures (Aroclors) or single PCB congeners found in Aroclors caused NDD-relevant behavioral phenotypes in animal models.

Oxygen production from dissociation of Europa's water-ice surface.

Jupiter's moon Europa has a predominantly water-ice surface that is modified by exposure to its space environment. Charged particles break molecular bonds in surface ice, thus dissociating the water to ultimately produce H and O, which provides a potential oxygenation mechanism for Europa's subsurface ocean. These species are understood to form Europa's primary atmospheric constituents.

The National Cancer Database Conforms to the Standardized Framework for Registry and Data Quality.

Background: Standardization of procedures for data abstraction by cancer registries is fundamental for cancer surveillance, clinical and policy decision-making, hospital benchmarking, and research efforts. The objective of the current study was to evaluate adherence to the four components (completeness, comparability, timeliness, and validity) defined by Bray and Parkin that determine registries' ability to carry out these activities to the hospital-based National Cancer Database (NCDB).

Methods: Tbis study used data from U.

Hemorrhage at high altitude: impact of sustained hypobaric hypoxia on cerebral blood flow, tissue oxygenation, and tolerance to simulated hemorrhage in humans.

With ascent to high altitude (HA), compensatory increases in cerebral blood flow and oxygen delivery must occur to preserve cerebral metabolism and consciousness. We hypothesized that this compensation in cerebral blood flow and oxygen delivery preserves tolerance to simulated hemorrhage (via lower body negative pressure, LBNP), such that tolerance is similar during sustained exposure to HA vs. low altitude (LA).

Ketone flux through BDH1 supports metabolic remodeling of skeletal and cardiac muscles in response to intermittent time-restricted feeding.

Time-restricted feeding (TRF) has gained attention as a dietary regimen that promotes metabolic health. This study questioned if the health benefits of an intermittent TRF (iTRF) schedule require ketone flux specifically in skeletal and cardiac muscles. Notably, we found that the ketolytic enzyme beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 1 (BDH1) is uniquely enriched in isolated mitochondria derived from heart and red/oxidative skeletal muscles, which also have high capacity for fatty acid oxidation (FAO).

Using high-resolution LiDAR-derived canopy structure and topography to characterise hibernaculum locations of the hazel dormouse.

The hazel dormouse is predominantly an arboreal species that moves down to the ground to hibernate in the autumn in temperate parts of its distributional ranges at locations not yet well understood. The main objective of this study is to test whether environmental characteristics surrounding hazel dormouse hibernacula can be identified using high-resolution remote sensing and data collected in situ. To achieve this, remotely sensed variables, including canopy height and cover, topographic slope, sky view, solar radiation and cold air drainage, were modelled around 83 dormouse hibernacula in England (n = 62) and the Netherlands (n = 21), and environmental characteristics that may be favoured by pre-hibernating dormice were identified.

ICARUS at the Fermilab Short-Baseline Neutrino program: initial operation.

The ICARUS collaboration employed the 760-ton T600 detector in a successful 3-year physics run at the underground LNGS laboratory, performing a sensitive search for LSND-like anomalous appearance in the CERN Neutrino to Gran Sasso beam, which contributed to the constraints on the allowed neutrino oscillation parameters to a narrow region around 1 eV. After a significant overhaul at CERN, the T600 detector has been installed at Fermilab. In 2020 the cryogenic commissioning began with detector cool down, liquid argon filling and recirculation.

HPV vaccination acceptance and perceptions related to fertility and population control in the Gambia: An anthropological analysis.

This qualitative study using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions is the first to investigate HPV vaccination in The Gambia; it provides an in-depth analysis of uptake, knowledge, and perceptions of HPV vaccination as well as trust in Ministry of Health vaccination advice. Despite high uptake rates, knowledge of HPV vaccination was low, and the most prominent concern was that the vaccine could cause infertility or is a form of population control. Holistic approaches to addressing HPV vaccine concerns relating to fertility that consider socio-political contexts, including colonial histories, could lead to more positive vaccine perceptions, empowered decisions and to increasing vaccine uptake rates in The Gambia and elsewhere.

Cancer survival in the United States 2007-2016: Results from the National Program of Cancer Registries.

Background: Cancer survival has improved for the most common cancers. However, less improvement and lower survival has been observed in some groups perhaps due to differential access to cancer care including prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment.

Methods: To further understand contemporary relative cancer survival (one- and five- year), we used survival data from CDC's National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) for cancers diagnosed during 2007-2016.