Adjacent parenchymal abnormalities in peripheral bronchogenic carcinoma: correlation of thin-section CT with histology.

Our purpose is to correlate thin section CT of peripheral bronchogenic carcinomas with histologically detected lymphatic or vascular invasion. Retrospective 3-year database search revealed 186 surgical resections for primary bronchogenic carcinoma, of which 58 had available preoperative imaging performed at our institution. Cases with prior surgery, nonconfirmatory pathology, remote imaging, or central location were excluded, resulting in a study population of 42 patients, 25 men, 17 women, with a mean age of 69 years.

Application of duplex US for characterization of endoleaks in abdominal aortic stent-grafts: report of five cases.

Endoleaks were detected with helical computed tomographic (CT) angiography in five patients after placement of an aortobiliac stent-graft. The leaks were subsequently evaluated with duplex ultrasonography (US) and, in four patients, with conventional aortography as well. CT angiography revealed a total of seven endoleaks, all of which were prospectively classified as reconstitution (type II) leaks.

Is unenhanced CT sufficient for evaluation of acute abdominal pain?

Background: To determine whether intravenous contrast improves the ability of radiologists to establish the cause of acute abdominal pain after nondiagnostic or normal unenhanced CT.

Methods: Out of 164 consecutive emergency department patients presenting with less than 48 h of nontraumatic, acute abdominal pain, a confident diagnosis for cause of pain was made prospectively in 71/164 (43%) patients on these unenhanced scans by the monitoring radiologist. In the other 93 patients, our study sample, intravenous contrast-enhanced CT was obtained.

The endometrium on routine contrast-enhanced CT in asymptomatic postmenopausal women: avoiding errors in interpretation.

We studied 54 asymptomatic postmenopausal women to characterize normal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) appearance of endometrium. Endometrium was visualized in 26 out of 54 (48.1%) women, and when seen its mean short-axis thickness was 7.

Chronic inflammatory appendiceal conditions that mimic acute appendicitis on helical CT.

Objective: Acute appendicitis is commonly diagnosed on CT, but chronic appendiceal processes can mimic acute appendicitis. The purpose of this study was to identify the frequency of these alternative conditions and their findings on helical CT.

Conclusion: Chronic inflammatory conditions other than acute appendicitis were found in 9% of patients who underwent surgery after CT findings were interpreted as suspicious for appendicitis.

Comparison of unenhanced and contrast-enhanced spiral CT for assessing interval change in patients with colorectal liver metastases.

Rationale And Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the interval change in hepatic colorectal metastases as assessed with serial computed tomographic (CT) scans without contrast material enhancement differs from that as assessed using serial, portal dominant phase, contrast-enhanced CT scans.

Materials And Methods: Unenhanced and contrast-enhanced abdominal CT scans were obtained in 28 patients. Three radiologists separately reviewed serial unenhanced and contrast-enhanced studies to assess the interval change in liver metastases.

Bronchial atresia with relapsing pulmonary infection in a middle-aged man.

Congenital bronchial atresia (CBA) is a rare disorder, first reported in 1953. Less than 100 cases are reported in the literature, mostly in young, asymptomatic male patients with involvement of the apical-posterior segment of the left upper lobe. Patients may complain of fever, cough, or shortness of breath, symptoms that result from post-obstructive, sometimes recurrent, infections.

Preoperative evaluation of living renal donors: comparison of CT angiography and MR angiography.

Purpose: To compare computed tomographic (CT) angiography and magnetic resonance (MR) angiography for preoperative evaluation of living renal donors.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-five living renal donors underwent preoperative contrast material-enhanced CT angiography and gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography. Each study was interpreted by two independent radiologists blinded to all other studies and to interpretations provided by other reviewers.

Size of colorectal liver metastases at abdominal CT: comparison of precontrast and postcontrast studies.

Purpose: To investigate whether measurements of hepatic metastases from colorectal carcinoma before contrast material administration are significantly different statistically from measurements after contrast material administration.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four patients with hepatic metastases from colorectal carcinoma underwent spiral computed tomography (CT) with 7-mm collimation. The liver was imaged before and in the portal-dominant phase after intravenous contrast material administration.

Diagnosis and staging of ovarian cancer: comparative values of Doppler and conventional US, CT, and MR imaging correlated with surgery and histopathologic analysis--report of the Radiology Diagnostic Oncology Group.

Purpose: To determine the optimal imaging modality for diagnosis and staging of ovarian cancer.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred eighty women suspected to have ovarian cancer were enrolled in a prospective study before surgery. Doppler ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging were used to evaluate the mass; conventional US, CT, and MR imaging were used to stage spread.

Spiral CT of acute pulmonary thromboembolism: evaluation of pleuroparenchymal abnormalities.

Purpose: The goal of this work was to identify and categorize the spectrum of pulmonary parenchymal and pleural abnormalities identified by CT in patients with acute pulmonary thromboembolism (PE).

Method: A review of interpretations from 4,715 consecutive contrast-enhanced thoracic CT studies identified 41 examinations in which the diagnosis of PE was reported. Thirty-four studies were available for review, and two radiologists confirmed intraluminal defects in 31 patients.

US, CT, and MR evaluation of accessory renal arteries and proximal renal arterial branches.

Rationale And Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare color Doppler ultrasound (US), computed tomographic (CT) angiography, and magnetic resonance (MR) angiography for the evaluation of accessory renal arteries and proximal branches of the main renal artery.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-six subjects who had undergone conventional arteriography of the renal arteries participated in a prospective comparison of Doppler US (45 patients), CT angiography (52 patients), and nonenhanced MR angiography (28 patients). Conventional arteriography depicted 28 accessory renal arteries and 21 proximal branches of the main renal artery within 2 cm of the aorta.

Renal artery stenosis: CT angiography--comparison of real-time volume-rendering and maximum intensity projection algorithms.

Purpose: To compare results of helical computed tomographic (CT) angiography with real-time interactive volume rendering (VR) to CT angiography with maximum intensity projection (MIP) for the detection of renal artery stenosis.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-five patients underwent both conventional and CT angiography of the renal arteries. Images were blindly reviewed after rendering with MIP and VR algorithms.

CT assessment of abdominal hemorrhage in coagulopathic patients: impact on clinical management.

Background: To assess how computed tomography (CT) affected clinical management in coagulopathic patients with suspected spontaneous abdominal hemorrhage.

Methods: Fifty-four patients with coagulopathy underwent CT for possible abdominal hemorrhage. Medical records were reviewed retrospectively for pre-CT management strategy, degree of clinical suspicion for abdominal hemorrhage, CT findings, and post-CT management strategy.

Comparison of Doppler US and CT angiography for evaluation of renal artery stenosis.

Rationale And Objectives: The authors compared Doppler ultrasound (US) with computed tomographic (CT) angiography in the evaluation of stenosis of the main renal artery.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-six patients who had undergone conventional angiography of the renal arteries participated in a prospective comparison of Doppler US (45 patients) and CT angiography (52 patients). US evaluation included both the main renal artery and segmental renal arteries.

Percutaneous lumbar sympathetic plexus catheter placement for short- and long-term pain relief: CT technique and results.

Purpose: The purpose of this work was to evaluate the use of percutaneously placed lumbar sympathetic plexus catheter placement under CT guidance in patients with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) or nonspecified neuropathic pain (NP) of the lower extremity.

Method: Sixteen lumbar sympathetic plexus catheter placements were performed in seven patients with CRPS and seven patients with NP. A 19 gauge epidural catheter was placed anterior to the psoas muscle at the L2-3 level.

Helical CT of calcaneal fractures: technique and imaging features.

Since the degree of comminution, fracture alignment, and articular congruity of intra-articular calcaneal fractures are important determinants in surgical treatment and patient prognosis, we review helical computed tomographic (CT) technique and features for detecting and assessing the extent of acute calcaneal fractures. Helical CT can be used to classify these fractures and facilitate the surgeon's understanding of the anatomy and position of the fracture components in all orthogonal planes independently of the patient's condition, foot placement in the CT gantry, or other injuries.

Biliary-pleural fistulas without biliary obstruction: percutaneous catheter management.

Objective: Our purpose was to report the use of percutaneous catheter drainage as a therapeutic option in the management of three patients with biliary-pleural fistulas without biliary obstructions.

Conclusion: In the proper clinical setting, the CT findings of liver dome laceration or abscess, diaphragm disruption, and pleural effusion should suggest biliary-pleural fistula. Percutaneous catheter management can be curative or serve a temporizing function before surgery.

Helical CT of talar fractures.

Since the degree of comminution, fracture alignment, and articular congruity of talar fractures are important determinants of treatment, we review the helical CT technique for detecting and assessing the extent of acute talar fractures. Helical CT can be used to classify talar neck fractures which often cannot be determined by radiography. It is also useful in detecting posterior process, lateral process, and avulsion fractures, as well as acute osteochondral fractures.