Neonatal immune challenge poses a sex-specific risk for epigenetic microglial reprogramming and behavioral impairment.

While the precise processes underlying a sex bias in the development of central nervous system (CNS) disorders are unknown, there is growing evidence that an early life immune activation can contribute to the disease pathogenesis. When we mimicked an early systemic viral infection or applied murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) systemically in neonatal female and male mice, only male adolescent mice presented behavioral deficits, including reduced social behavior and cognition. This was paralleled by an increased amount of infiltrating T cells in the brain parenchyma, enhanced interferon-γ (IFNγ) signaling, and epigenetic reprogramming of microglial cells.

Steering Self-Assembly of Three-Dimensional Iptycenes on Au(111) by Tuning Molecule-Surface Interactions.

Self-assembly of three-dimensional molecules is scarcely studied on surfaces. Their modes of adsorption can exhibit far greater variability compared to (nearly) planar molecules that adsorb mostly flat on surfaces. This additional degree of freedom can have decisive consequences for the expression of intermolecular binding motifs, hence the formation of supramolecular structures.

Plasmin-clipped beta(2)-glycoprotein-I inhibits endothelial cell growth by down-regulating cyclin A, B and D1 and up-regulating p21 and p27.

beta(2)-Glycoprotein-I (beta(2)gpI), an abundant plasma glycoprotein, functions as a regulator of thrombosis. Previously, we demonstrated that plasmin-clipped beta(2)gpI (cbeta(2)gpI) exerts an anti-angiogenic effect on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The present study was focused on the molecular background responsible for this phenomenon.

An endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis derived from a transitional cell carcinoma: clipped beta2-glycoprotein-I.

Background: Invasive cell carcinoma of the bladder often develops after complete transurethral excision of superficial transitional cell carcinoma. It has been postulated that primary tumors release angiogenesis-blocking proteins which suppress distant metastases. We have identified an endogenous protein which might be responsible for tumor dormancy.

CXCR4 chemokine receptor mediates prostate tumor cell adhesion through alpha5 and beta3 integrins.

The mechanisms leading to prostate cancer metastasis are not understood completely. Although there is evidence that the CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR) 4 and its ligand CXCL12 may regulate tumor dissemination, their role in prostate cancer is controversial. We examined CXCR4 expression and functionality, and explored CXCL12-triggered adhesion of prostate tumor cells to human endothelium or to extracellular matrix proteins laminin, collagen, and fibronectin.

Prostate tumor CXC-chemokine profile correlates with cell adhesion to endothelium and extracellular matrix.

Though chemokines of the CXC family are thought to play key roles in neoplastic transformation and tumor invasion, information about CXC chemokines in prostate cancer is sparse. To evaluate the involvement of CXC chemokines in prostate cancer, we analyzed the CXC coding mRNA of both chemokine ligands (CXCL) and chemokine receptors (CXCR), using the prostate carcinoma cell lines PC-3, DU-145 and LNCaP. CXCR proteins were further evaluated by Western blot, CXCR surface expression by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy.

Psychological health, self-reported physical health and health service use. Risk differential observed after one year of unemployment.

One year after the closure of a furniture factory the health consequences of long-term unemployment were studied among the 215 former employees and an interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to measure psychological health, self-perceived physical health and health service use. Those remaining unemployed 12 months after the closure were found to be 8 times more likely to report poor psychological health than were the re-employed (Odds ratio (OR): 8.5; 95% CI: 4.

[Euthanasia--limits of therapy in oncology. From the viewpoint of the medical psychologist].

Progress in organic-technical medicine has been considerable in the field of oncology. Since cancer patients are confronted with enormous psychological problems both by their disease and its treatment, improvement in the psychological care of these patients is an absolute necessity. At present, help in coping with cancer is seldom provided.

Pemphigus foliaceus-like, immunologically negative dermatosis in a patient with T cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

A 56-year-old black man developed a pemphigus foliaceus-like bullous eruption as the initial presentation of chronic T cell lymphocytic leukemia. Histologic examination disclosed superficial acantholysis consistent with pemphigus foliaceus and an infiltrate of atypical lymphoid cells in the papillary dermis. Repeated direct and indirect immunofluorescence studies yielded negative results.

[Some treatment effects of inpatient psychosomatic therapy].

In an earlier study the authors found that patients of the psychosomatic ward of the Vienna Allgemeine Krankenhaus showed a high frequency of consultation with physicians for the time period prior to their admission to the ward. The present study asked--in comparison with untreated cases--whether a) this consultation frequency would be different in quantity and quality according to the experience of in-patient treatment and b) what the effect of in-patient treatment would have on medication consumption and a set of subjective parameters. This study comparing 37 psychosomatic patients with the control group of 18 individuals showed that psychosomatic in-patient treatment had a decisive influence on consultation frequencies and behaviour, on medication habits and on some subjective parameters.

Primary histiocytic dermatoses.

The physiology of the histiocyte (macrophage) in health and disease is reviewed briefly. An overview of the so-called primary malignant, pseudomalignant, and benign histiocytic disorders, excluding histiocytosis X, is presented. The malignant histiocytosis with erythrophagocytosis, the pseudomalignant histiocytic diseases (such as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy and regressing atypical histiocytosis), and the solitary lesions with histologic malignant and atypical storiform histiocytosis are described.

Chest wall distortion during resistive inspiratory loading.

We studied six (1 naive and 5 experienced) subjects breathing with added inspiratory resistive loads while we recorded chest wall motion (anteroposterior rib cage, anteroposterior abdomen, and lateral rib cage) and tidal volumes. In the five experienced subjects, transdiaphragmatic and pleural pressures, and electromyographs of the sternocleidomastoid and abdominal muscles were also measured. Subjects inspired against the resistor spontaneously and then with specific instructions to reach a target pleural or transdiaphragmatic pressure or to maximize selected electromyographic activities.

[Depressive diseases of the involutional age].

Depressions in old age tend to become chronic. This depends on the difficulty to adapt to the biological changes in old age. Depression in aged people should be valued equally to other depression.

Localization of histaminase to the specific granule of the human neutrophil.

The release of histaminase, a diamine oxidase of the human neutrophil, is initiated by soluble secretagogues. Histaminase is simultaneously inactivated by the reactive oxygen intermediates generated by the respiratory burst. Thus, quantitative assessment of histaminase release relative to other granule markers is best achieved in the presence of superoxide dismutase and catalase.

Immunologically induced generation of tetraene and pentaene leukotrienes in the peritoneal cavities of menhaden-fed rats.

The generation of sulfidopeptide leukotrienes and leukotriene B (LTB) in response to an IgG-mediated immune complex reaction in the peritoneal cavities of rats fed either a menhaden oil-supplemented diet or a beef tallow-supplemented diet for 9 to 10 wk was determined with the combined techniques of radioimmunoassay (RIA) and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Rats on the fish fat diet (FFD) incorporated eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) into pulmonary and splenic tissues with an EPA:arachidonic acid ratio of approximately 2:1, whereas rats on the beef fat diet (BFD) showed no detectable EPA. The estimated total quantities of immunoreactive sulfidopeptide leukotrienes generated by each group of rats were similar, ranging from 70 to 99 ng/ rat in the FFD groups and 65 to 109 ng/rat in the BFD groups; for rats on the FFD this total included the pentaene products LTC5, LTD5, and LTE5 in quantities ranging from 24 to 39 ng/rat.