A Highly Active Bidentate Magnesium Catalyst for Amine-Borane Dehydrocoupling: Kinetic and Mechanistic Studies.

A magnesium complex (1) featuring a bidentate aminopyridinato ligand is a remarkably selective catalyst for the dehydrocoupling of amine-boranes. This reaction proceeds to completion with low catalyst loadings (1 mol %) under mild conditions (60 °C), exceeding previously reported s-block systems in terms of selectivity, rate, and turnover number (TON). Mechanistic studies by in situ NMR analysis reveals the reaction to be first order in both catalyst and substrate.

Hydrodynamic cavitation in combination with the ozone, hydrogen peroxide and the UV-based advanced oxidation processes for the removal of natural organic matter from drinking water.

Natural organic matter in drinking water is causing concern especially due to the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) by chlorine, as these are proven to have adverse health effects on consumers. In this research, humic acid was used as a source of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in drinking water (up to 3mgL). The efficiency of DOC removal was studied by applying O, HO/O, HO/UV and O/UV advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) alone and combined with hybrid hydrodynamic cavitation (HC), generated by an orifice plate, as this technology recently shows promising potential for the treatment of water, containing recalcitrant organic substances.

The relationship of quality of life and distress in prostate cancer patients compared to the general population.

Background: The aim of this study is two-fold. The first part compares quality of life (QoL) data of prostate cancer patients with those of a representative and age-specific sample of the general population and analyzes the influence of cancer related as well as socio-demographic parameters on QoL. Secondly, differences in QoL depending on the experienced psychological distress will be shown both in prostate cancer patients and in the general population.

An overview of the integration of ozone systems in biological treatment steps.

Despite the well-known potential and performance of combined biological and ozonation processes for wastewater treatment, only few full-scale applications are published. Beside the synergistic effects of such process combination, which lead to oxidation of recalcitrant and inhibitory compounds or intermediates by enhancement of their biodegradability, the key for raising applicability is the improvement of the ozonation efficiency. An overview about the history and progress of full-scale applications, which deals with combined ozonation and biological treatment is given.

Oxidation of pharmaceuticals during ozonation of municipal wastewater effluents: a pilot study.

To reduce the release of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptors into the aquatic environment or to remove them from wastewater intended for direct or indirect reuse, the application of advanced wastewater treatment may be required. In the present study, municipal wastewater effluents were treated with ozone (O3) in a pilot-scale plant consisting of two bubble columns. The investigated effluents, which varied in suspended solids concentrations, comprised an effluent of conventional activated sludge treatment (CAS), the same effluent dosed with 15 mg of TSS L(-1) of activated sludge (CAS + SS), and the effluent of a membrane bioreactor pilot plant (MBR).

Improved simulation of NOESY spectra by RELAX-JT2 including effects of J-coupling, transverse relaxation and chemical shift anisotrophy.

RELAX-JT2 is an extension of RELAX, a program for the simulation of 1H 2D NOESY spectra and (15)N or (13)C edited 3D NOESY-HSQC spectra of biological macromolecules. In addition to the already existing NOE-simulation it allows the proper simulation of line shapes by the integrated calculation of T(2) times and multiplet structures caused by J-couplings. Additionally the effects of relaxation mediated by chemical shift anisotropy are taken into account.

Sludge treatment by ozonation--evaluation of full-scale results.

Ozonation of industrial and sewage sludge is a suitable process for minimizing the sludge production of activated sludge processes. The ozonation has the advantage for complete oxidation of volatile suspended solids (VSS) of combining partial sludge oxidation with subsequent biological oxidation. This paper describes the evaluation of two full-scale sewage sludge ozonation investigations for subsequent aerobic stabilisation as well as for subsequent anaerobic stabilisation compared to different sludge treatment processes.

Ozonation: a tool for removal of pharmaceuticals, contrast media and musk fragrances from wastewater?

A pilot plant for ozonation and UV-disinfection received effluent from a German municipal sewage treatment plant (STP) to test the removal of pharmaceuticals, iodinated X-ray contrast media (ICM) and musk fragrances from municipal wastewater. In the original STP effluent, 5 antibiotics (0.34-0.

HER2: the neu prognostic marker for breast cancer.

A fundamental mechanism of genetic alteration is amplification of entire gene sequences that results in overexpression of a gene product or protein. If the amplified gene is a member of the oncogene family and/or a regulator of DNA replication or cell cycle progression, overexpression of this oncoprotein may result in enhanced growth advantages for these cells. Amplification of one such oncogene, HER2 (neu, erbB-2), in up to 35% of human breast cancers is associated with a poor prognosis but may predict response to various therapeutic modalities.

Fractionation of thylakoid membranes from Porphyridium purpureum using the detergent N-lauryl-β-iminodipropionate : A study on the chlorophyll-protein and pigment composition of the membrane-intrinsic antenna complexes of a red alga.

Two green fractions, thought to represent the chlorophyll-antennae of photosystems I (PSI) and II (PSII), were isolated from the red alga Porphyridium purpureum by solubilisation of the thylakoid membranes using the detergent N-lauryl-ß-iminodipropionate and subsequent sucrose-density-gradient centrifugation. No release of pigments from the pigment-protein complexes was detected during isolation. The fractions were analyzed with respect to their chlorophyll-protein pattern, spectral properties and pigment composition.

Distribution of excitation energy between photosystem I and photosystem II in red algae. III. Quantum requirements of the induction of a state 2-state 1 transition.

1. The light-induced redistribution of excitation energy between both photosystems (state 1-state 2 phenomenon) is investigated in Halymenia latifolia and in eight other marine red algae by measurements of slow fluorescence kinetics and of O2-exchange in monochromatic and in flashing light. 2.

Distribution of excitation energy between photosystem I and photosystem II in red algae. II. Kinetics of the transition between state 1 and state 2.

The kinetics of chlorophyll fluorescence were measured during the state 1-state 2 and the state 2-state 1 transition in some members of the Florideae (Halymenia latifolia, Phycodrys rubens and Delesseria sanguinea) and in Porphyra umbilicalis as a member of the Bangiales. With the members of the Florideae it was possible to induce 70-80% of the maximum transition in direction to state 1 (obtained by us in longtime experiments) by an illumination of only a few (2-5) seconds with medium intensities of light 1. A complete transition back could be induced by a similar short illumination with light 2.

Distribution of excitation energy among photosystem I and photosystem II in red algae. I. Action spectra of light reactions I and II.

Action spectra of light reaction I and light reaction II from red algae (marine members of Florideae and Bangiales) were measured with 550 nm (light 2) or 699 nm light 1) background light, using a Teflon-covered platinum electrode for O2 measurement. Care was taken to ensure that maximum enhancement was reached by the background light. The action spectra of light reaction I, we found under these conditions, are very similar to the thallus absorption, whilst the action spectra of light reaction II show, besides strong bands of the phycobilins, only minor bands of chlorophyll a, which account for only 10-20% of the total chlorophyll.

[Investigations on the effect of blue light on the photosynthetic O2 exchange].

1. In cells of Chlorella fusca darkened for 12 and more hours and preilluminated with red light, irradiation with blue light of low intensity (5×10(-10) einstein cm(-2) sec(-1), 465 nm) for 2 minutes results in a substantial enhancement (up to 80%) of the "gross O2 evolution" (difference between the rate of O2 exchange in dark and light) in a subsequent red light period (5×10(-10) einstein cm(-2) sec(-1), 670 nm). 2.

[Polarographic measurement of nitrite reduction by chlorella in monochromatic light].

In green plant cells nitrite is reduced by two systems, one dependent on photosynthesis and the other upon respiration. Using a polarographic method for continuous measurement of nitrite uptake, the relationship between light driven and respiration linked nitrite reduction of Chlorella cells was studied.Photosynthetic nitrite reduction is characterized by a pronounced increase in the velocity of nitrite uptake upon illumination.