An overview of the safety and efficacy of LX-9211 in treating neuropathic pain conditions.

Introduction: LX-9211 is a drug designed to treat neuropathic pain conditions. It functions by inhibiting the adaptor-associated kinase 1 (AAK1) enzyme which promotes clathrin-dependent endocytosis. Preclinical studies have shown that LX-9211 does produce a reduction in nociceptive related behaviors and produces no major adverse effects in rats.

A Randomized Trial Utilizing EEG Brain Computer Interface to Improve Facial Emotion Recognition in Autistic Adults.

Purpose: Many individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience challenges with facial emotion recognition (FER), which may exacerbate social difficulties in ASD. Few studies have examined whether FER can be experimentally manipulated and improved for autistic people. This study utilized a randomized controlled trial design to examine acceptability and preliminary clinical impact of a novel mixed reality-based neurofeedback program, FER Assistant, using EEG brain computer interface (BCI)-assisted technology to improve FER for autistic adolescents and adults.

IPACK Block Efficacy for Acute Pain Management after Total Knee Replacement: A Review.

Purpose Of Review: Patients often experience a significant degree of knee pain following total knee replacement (TKR). To alleviate this pain, nerve blocks may be performed such as the adductor canal block (ACB). However, ACBs are unable to relieve pain originating from the posterior region of the knee.

Social network analysis of the CaRE health equity center: Team science in full display.

Cancer health disparities that exist in the Black or African American and Hispanic or Latino/x communities are scientific challenges, yet there are limited team science approaches to mitigate these challenges. This article's purpose is to evaluate the team science collaborations of the National Institutes of Health-funded Florida-California Cancer Research, Education & Engagement (CaRE ) Center partnership underscoring the inclusion of multidisciplinary team members and future under-represented minority (URM) cancer researchers. To understand our collaborative efforts, we conducted a social network analysis (SNA) of the CaRE Center partnership among University of Florida, Florida A&M University, and University of Southern California with data collected via the dimensions.

Overview of Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome: A Narrative Review.

Median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS) is a rare disorder caused primarily by compression of the celiac trunk by the median arcuate ligament (MAL). This disorder typically results in patients presenting with bloating, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. The MALS diagnosis is one of exclusion, as the disorder has no specific diagnostic criteria.

Florida-California Cancer Research, Education and Engagement (CaRE) Health Equity Center: Structure, Innovations, and Initial Outcomes.

Introduction: The Florida-California Cancer Research, Education, and Engagement (CaRE) Health Equity Center is a triad partnership committed to increasing institutional capacity for cancer disparity research, the diversity of the cancer workforce, and community empowerment. This article provides an overview of the structure, process innovations, and initial outcomes from the first 4 years of the CaRE triad partnership.

Methods: CaRE serves diverse populations in Florida and California using a "molecule to the community and back" model.

Current advances in pain regimens for percutaneous nephrolithotomy A comprehensive review.

Introduction: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) causes pain and discomfort after surgery. The primary causes of immediate postoperative pain after PCNL are visceral pain from the ureters and kidneys, and body surface discomfort from incisions. Acute, untreated pain has the potential to develop into chronic pain, which remains a considerable burden for the rehabilitation of patients.

Natural mineral fibers: conducting inhalation toxicology studies-part B: development of a nose-only exposure system for repeat-exposure study of Libby amphibole aerosol.

Background: Exposure to asbestos is associated with malignant and nonmalignant respiratory disease. To strengthen the scientific basis for risk assessment on fibers, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) has initiated a series of studies to address fundamental questions on the toxicology of naturally occurring asbestos and related mineral fibers after inhalation exposure. A prototype nose-only exposure system was previously developed and validated.

Natural mineral fibers: conducting inhalation toxicology studies - part A: Libby Amphibole aerosol generation and characterization method development.

Background: Asbestos has been classified as a human carcinogen, and exposure may increase the risk of diseases associated with impaired respiratory function. As the range of health effects and airborne concentrations that result in health effects across asbestos-related natural mineral fiber types are not fully understood, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences has established a series of research studies to characterize hazards of natural mineral fibers after inhalation exposure. This paper presents the method development work of this research project.

Trying to name what doesn't change: Neural nonresponse to Cognitive Therapy for depression.

Background: Theoretical models of neural mechanisms underlying Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) for major depressive disorder (MDD) propose that psychotherapy changes neural functioning of prefrontal cortical structures associated with cognitive-control processes (DeRubeis, Siegle, & Hollon, ); however, MDD is persistent and characterized by long-lasting vulnerabilities to recurrence after intervention, suggesting that underlying neural mechanisms of MDD remain despite treatment. It follows that identification of treatment-resistant aberrant neural processes in MDD may inform clinical and research efforts targeting sustained remission. Thus, we sought to identify brain regions showing aberrant neural functioning in MDD that either (1) fail to exhibit substantive change (nonresponse) or (2) exhibit functional changes (response) following CBT.

Social Anxiety Symptoms Predict Poorer Facial Emotion Recognition in Autistic Male Adolescents and Young Adults Without Intellectual Disability.

Utilizing a novel computerized task, we aimed to examine whether social anxiety symptoms would be related to individual differences in facial emotion recognition (FER) in a sample of autistic male adolescents and young adults without intellectual disability. Results indicated that social anxiety and IQ predicted poorer FER, irrespective of specific emotion type. When probing specific effects within emotion and condition types, social anxiety impacted surprise and disgust FER during a truncated viewing condition and not full viewing condition.

Associations between resting-state neural connectivity and positive affect in social anxiety disorder.

Introduction: Social anxiety disorder (SAD) has been characterized by deficits in social motivation and lack of reactivity to pleasurable stimuli (i.e., positive affect; [PA]).

Arabidopsis TRB proteins function in H3K4me3 demethylation by recruiting JMJ14.

Arabidopsis telomeric repeat binding factors (TRBs) can bind telomeric DNA sequences to protect telomeres from degradation. TRBs can also recruit Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) to deposit tri-methylation of H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) over certain target loci. Here, we demonstrate that TRBs also associate and colocalize with JUMONJI14 (JMJ14) and trigger H3K4me3 demethylation at some loci.

A gene silencing screen uncovers diverse tools for targeted gene repression in Arabidopsis.

DNA methylation has been utilized for target gene silencing in plants. However, it is not well understood whether other silencing pathways can be also used to manipulate gene expression. Here we performed a gain-of-function screen for proteins that could silence a target gene when fused to an artificial zinc finger.

5-year follow-up of adolescents with social anxiety disorder: Current functioning during COVID-19.

The present study followed-up adolescents with social anxiety disorder (SAD) during the COVID-19 pandemic, approximately 5-years following their participation in an Attention Bias Modification Training (ABMT) program (Ollendick et al., 2019). The current study aimed to evaluate current functioning and quality of life (QoL) during the emerging adulthood period.

Cingulate prediction of response to antidepressant and cognitive behavioral therapies for depression: Meta-analysis and empirical application.

We sought to identify baseline (pre-treatment) neural markers associated with treatment response in major depressive disorder (MDD), specific to treatment type, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) or pharmacotherapy (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors; SSRI). We conducted a meta-analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies to identify neural prognostic indicators of response to CBT or SSRI. To verify the regions derived from literature, the meta-analytic regions were used to predict clinical change in a verification sample of participants with MDD who received either CBT (n = 60) or an SSRI (n = 19) as part of prior clinical trials.

Effects of nonsocial and circumscribed interest images on neural mechanisms of emotion regulation in autistic adults.

Introduction: Emotion dysregulation is commonly reported among autistic individuals. Prior work investigating the neurofunctional mechanisms of emotion regulation (ER) in autistic adults has illustrated alterations in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) activity, as well as concurrent atypical patterns of activation in subcortical regions related to affect during cognitive reappraisal of social images. Whereas most research examining ER in autism has focused on regulation of negative emotions, the effects of regulating positive emotions has been generally understudied.

Validation of a novel method of ultraviolet-induced cutaneous inflammation and its associations with anhedonia.

Affective immunology of the skin is a growing area; however, established protocols for measuring individual differences in cutaneous inflammation are lacking. To address this, we present a preliminary validation of Precision Implementation of Minimal Erythema Dose (PI-MED) testing as a method for measuring cutaneous inflammation. PI-MED is a recently adapted protocol, optimized for reproducibility and individual differences research, that uses ultraviolet (UV) light to evoke cutaneous erythema, or inflammatory skin reddening.

PEERS® for Preschoolers preliminary outcomes and predictors of treatment response.

PEERS® for Preschoolers (P4P) is a social skills group program for young autistic children and their caregivers, which provides everyday tools for interacting and communicating with others. Twenty-two caregiver-child dyads participated and completed pre-treatment, post-treatment, and follow-up measures (4-16 weeks after). Using single-subject analyses to examine social skills, 60% demonstrated post-treatment improvement, and 53.

Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Specifically Improves Social Anhedonia Among Adults with Chronic Stress.

This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of mindfulness on anhedonic symptoms in a sample of adults reporting high levels of chronic stress. Meditation-naïve adults ( = 68, age = 32, 62% female) were randomized to either an 8-week group-based MBSR intervention ( = 35), or a waitlist control group ( = 33). We hypothesized that changes in mindfulness would mediate the relationship between condition and changes in anhedonic symptoms.

What does "staying well" after depression mean? Chronic low grade symptomatology after treatment for depression is common.

Background: Persistent low grade depression symptoms are common and impairing in major depressive disorder (MDD) yet rarely reported in treatment follow-up studies (Judd et al., 1998a; Kennedy et al., 2004), suggesting that extant sustained remission rates may not reflect this important clinical feature.

Suppression of trimethylamine N-oxide with DMB mitigates vascular dysfunction, exercise intolerance, and frailty associated with a Western-style diet in mice.

Consumption of a Western-style diet (WD; high fat, high sugar, low fiber) is associated with impaired vascular function and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which could be mediated partly by increased circulating concentrations of the gut microbiome-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). We investigated if suppression of TMAO with 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol (DMB; inhibitor of microbial TMA lyase) in mice could prevent: ) WD-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction and aortic stiffening and ) WD-induced reductions in endurance exercise tolerance and increases in frailty, as both are linked to WD, vascular dysfunction, and increased CVD risk. C57BL/6N mice were fed standard chow or WD (41% fat, ∼25% sugar, 4% fiber) for 5 mo beginning at ∼2 mo of age.

How do underserved adolescents want to learn about health? An exploration of health concerns, preferences, and resources utilized.

Understanding health concerns and preferences of underserved adolescents has potential to shape health interventions. The objective of this study is to better understand these adolescents' current and preferred health resources, prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. High school students from underrepresented communities in six US cities completed a pre-pipeline program survey in which they reported level of personal concern, as well as current and preferred sources of information about 1) depression/anxiety, 2) nutrition, 3) sexual health, 4) trauma/violence, and 5) alcohol/drugs.