Evaluating the Impact of Statin Use on Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness and Influenza Infection in Older Adults.

Background: Older adults are recommended to receive influenza vaccination annually, and many use statins. Statins have immunomodulatory properties that might modify influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) and alter influenza infection risk.

Methods: Using the test-negative design and linked laboratory and health administrative databases in Ontario, Canada, we estimated VE against laboratory-confirmed influenza among community-dwelling statin users and nonusers aged ≥66 years during the 2010-2011 to 2018-2019 influenza seasons.

The Paediatric Vault Score (PVS)-A Novel Scoring Tool for Prioritisation of Surgical Management of Craniosynostosis Patients.

Craniosynostosis is the premature fusion of the skull sutures, resulting in abnormal skull shape and volume. Timely management is a priority in avoiding raised intracranial pressure which can result in blindness and neurodevelopmental delay. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, theater access was reduced.

Potassium Channels in Parkinson's Disease: Potential Roles in Its Pathogenesis and Innovative Molecular Targets for Treatment.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) region of the midbrain. The loss of neurons results in a subsequent reduction of dopamine in the striatum, which underlies the core motor symptoms of PD. To date, there are no effective treatments to stop, slow, or reverse the pathologic progression of dopaminergic neurodegeneration.

Impact of social protection on gender equality in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review of reviews.

Background: More than half of the global population is not effectively covered by type of social protection benefit and women's coverage lags behind. Most girls and boys living in low-resource settings have no effective social protection coverage. Interest in these essential programmes in low and middle-income settings is rising and in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic the value of social protection for all has been undoubtedly confirmed.

Ionising radiation and cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To systematically review and perform a meta-analysis of radiation associated risks of cardiovascular disease in all groups exposed to radiation with individual radiation dose estimates.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Main Outcome Measures: Excess relative risk per unit dose (Gy), estimated by restricted maximum likelihood methods.

Patients' Willingness to Accept Social Needs Navigation After In-Person versus Remote Screening.

Background: Social needs screening and referral interventions are increasingly common in health care settings. Although remote screening offers a potentially more practical alternative to traditional in-person screening, there is concern that screening patients remotely could adversely affect patient engagement, including interest in accepting social needs navigation.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using a multivariable logistic regression analysis and data from the Accountable Health Communities (AHC) model in Oregon.

Momentum transfer from the DART mission kinetic impact on asteroid Dimorphos.

The NASA Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission performed a kinetic impact on asteroid Dimorphos, the satellite of the binary asteroid (65803) Didymos, at 23:14 UTC on 26 September 2022 as a planetary defence test. DART was the first hypervelocity impact experiment on an asteroid at size and velocity scales relevant to planetary defence, intended to validate kinetic impact as a means of asteroid deflection. Here we report a determination of the momentum transferred to an asteroid by kinetic impact.

The role of the NDRG1 in the pathogenesis and treatment of breast cancer.

Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer death in women. This disease is heterogeneous, with clinical subtypes being estrogen receptor-α (ER-α) positive, having human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpression, or being triple-negative for ER-α, progesterone receptor, and HER2 (TNBC). The ER-α positive and HER2 overexpressing tumors can be treated with agents targeting these proteins, including tamoxifen and pertuzumab, respectively.

Disentangling the causes of temporal variation in the opportunity for sexual selection.

In principle, temporal fluctuations in the potential for sexual selection can be estimated as changes in intrasexual variance in reproductive success (i.e. the opportunity for selection).

Inverse Probability Weighting to Estimate Exposure Effects on the Burden of Recurrent Outcomes in the Presence of Competing Events.

Recurrent events-outcomes that an individual can experience repeatedly over the course of follow-up-are common in epidemiologic and health services research. Studies involving recurrent events often focus on time to first occurrence or on event rates, which assume constant hazards over time. In this paper, we contextualize recurrent event parameters of interest using counterfactual theory in a causal inference framework and describe an approach for estimating a target parameter referred to as the mean cumulative count.

Antimicrobial resistance in sexually transmitted in men who have sex with men: A systematic review.

Background: Outbreaks of sexually transmitted in men who have sex with men (MSM) are a major public health issue. While most cases can be managed conservatively, a minority require antimicrobial treatment. Recent reports have highlighted increasing antimicrobial resistant (AMR) strains of spp.

The carcinogenicity of opium consumption: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The carcinogenicity of opium consumption was recently evaluated by a Working Group convened by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). We supplement the recent IARC evaluation by conducting an extended systematic review as well as a quantitative meta-analytic assessment of the role of opium consumption and risk for selected cancers, evaluating in detail various aspects of study quality on meta-analytic findings. We searched the published literature to identify all relevant studies on opium consumption and risk of selected cancers in humans through 31 October, 2022.

Technique for Extraction and Revision of a Bent Intramedullary Nail for a Subtrochanteric Femur Fracture: A Case Report.

Case: A 17-year-old adolescent boy presented 2 months after initial intramedullary nail (IMN) fixation of a comminuted subtrochanteric fracture with refracture at the previous site and approximately 20° varus angulation of the nail. The bent femoral nail was successfully extracted using an open technique using Lohman bone-holding clamps and a broad plate. At the 1-year follow-up, fracture union was achieved.

Resurrection and redescription of Verrill, 1872 (Hirudinida, Glossiphoniidae) with a phylogeny of the genus .

(Verrill, 1872) is resurrected and redescribed based on morphological and molecular data from specimens of the type locality (New Haven County, Connecticut, USA) that demonstrate it is distinct from North American , European , and . is characterized by having dark chromatophores on the dorsal surface arranged lateral to patrilaterally and medially as a thin line or interrupted thin line along with three pairs of eye spots (with the first pair closest together), six pairs of crop ceca, and a united gonopore. Additional sampling of specimens of the genus is needed to understand its phylogeny especially as many species have not been collected since their description.

Disparities in job characteristics by race and sex in a Southern aluminum smelting facility.

Background: Former workers at a Southern aluminum smelting facility raised concerns that the most hazardous jobs were assigned to Black workers, but the role of workplace segregation had not been quantified or examined in the company town. Prior studies discuss race and gender disparities in working conditions, but few have documented them in the aluminum industry.

Methods: We obtained workers' company records for 1985-2007 and characterized four job metrics: prestige (sociologic rankings), worker-defined danger (worker assessments), annual wage (1985 dollars), and estimated total particulate matter (TPM) exposure (job exposure matrix).

Hospital Mortality and Trainee Experiences: How General Medical Council Survey Findings Correlate With Summary Hospital-Level Mortality Indicator.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate whether components of junior doctor satisfaction are associated with patient mortality within the United Kingdom.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of publicly available data (the General Medical Council [GMC] National Survey and the Summary Hospital-level Mortality Indicator [SHMI]) pertaining to subjective physician trainee satisfaction and patient mortality within 80 United Kingdom-based healthcare institutions. The direction and strength of correlation between components of the GMC National Survey and relative patient mortality as described by the SHMI were calculated.

Hollow-core fiber with stable propagation delay between -150°C and +60°C.

Optical fibers with a low thermal coefficient of delay (TCD) have been developed for frequency and timing transmission/distribution. However, their temperature sensitivity changes as a function of temperature and, to date, no study of such fibers has demonstrated improved performance over extended temperature ranges, especially at sub-zero temperatures. Here, we show that a hollow core fiber (HCF) with a thin acrylate coating can have a TCD within ±2.

Trends in fatal occupational injury rates among older workers before and after the Great Recession of 2008.

Background: Older workers experience higher rates of fatal occupational injury than younger workers worldwide. In North Carolina, the population of older workers more than doubled between 2000 and 2017. In 2008, the Great Recession changed occupational patterns among all age groups.