Multidisciplinary Velopharyngeal Dysfunction Evaluation Helps Detect Non-classic Cases of 22q11.2 Deletion.

Objective: To explore the role of multidisciplinary velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD) assessment in diagnosing 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q) in children.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Tracking flight activity of potato leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) with the Midwest Suction Trap Network.

Potato leafhopper (PLH), Empoasca fabae Harris (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), is an economic pest of a variety of crops that migrates between overwintering sites in the southern United States and northern breeding grounds. Since 2005, the Midwest Suction Trap Network (STN) has monitored the magnitude and timing of aerially dispersing aphids' activity, but the potential of the network to monitor other taxa is only beginning to be explored. Here, we use the Midwest STN to examine how the magnitude and timing of PLH activity vary with weather, cropland cover, and time of year.

Temporal and spatial dynamics of the emerald ash borer invasion in Connecticut as shown by the native digging wasp (Hymenoptera: ).

Detecting and monitoring populations of the invasive emerald ash borer (EAB) is crucial to successful management of the pest and evaluation of its ecological impacts. However, the beetle's cryptic habit makes accurate monitoring costly and time-consuming. Biosurveillance takes advantage of the foraging effort of a predatory wasp (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae).

Association of initial opioid prescription duration and an opioid refill by pain diagnosis: Evidence from outpatient settings in ten US health systems.

Objective: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's 2022 Clinical Practice Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Pain cautioned that inflexible opioid prescription duration limits may harm patients. Information about the relationship between initial opioid prescription duration and a subsequent refill could inform prescribing policies and practices to optimize patient outcomes. We assessed the association between initial opioid duration and an opioid refill prescription.

Prescription Opioid Dose Reductions and Potential Adverse Events: a Multi-site Observational Cohort Study in Diverse US Health Systems.

Background: In response to the opioid crisis in the United States, population-level prescribing of opioids has been decreasing; there are concerns, however, that dose reductions are related to potential adverse events.

Objective: Examine associations between opioid dose reductions and risk of 1-month potential adverse events (emergency department (ED) visits, opioid overdose, benzodiazepine prescription fill, all-cause mortality).

Design: This observational cohort study used electronic health record and claims data from eight United States health systems in a prescription opioid registry (Clinical Trials Network-0084).

Comparative Study of Pharyngeal Flap Outcomes between Children with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome and Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and Palate.

Background: Management of velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome is challenging. The authors compared pharyngeal flap outcomes in children with 22q11.

Cardiovascular risk in chronic myeloid leukaemia: A multidisciplinary consensus on screening and management.

Introduction: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have become the mainstay of treatment for chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), but cardiovascular (CV) risk and exacerbation of underlying risk factors associated with TKIs have become widely debated. Real-world evidence reveals little application of CV risk factor screening or continued monitoring within UK CML management. This consensus paper presents practical recommendations to assist healthcare professionals in conducting CV screening/comorbidity management for patients receiving TKIs.

Modelling of immune response in chronic myeloid leukemia patients suggests potential for treatment reduction prior to cessation.

Introduction: Discontinuation of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment is emerging as the main therapy goal for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) patients. The DESTINY trial showed that TKI dose reduction prior to cessation can lead to an increased number of patients achieving sustained treatment free remission (TFR). However, there has been no systematic investigation to evaluate how dose reduction regimens can further improve the success of TKI stop trials.

A way forward for design and analysis of neuroimaging studies of memory consolidation.

Several novel ideas and suggestions were made in response to our discussion paper (Tallman et al., this issue). Careful consideration of the content and context of memory while accounting for the neuroanatomy and functional specialization of the hippocampus may reveal more consistent patterns in fMRI studies of memory consolidation.

The implementation and validation of the NoMAD during a complex primary care intervention.

Background: Normalization process theory (NPT) has been widely used to better understand how new interventions are implemented and embedded. The NoMAD (Normalization Measurement Development questionnaire) is a 23-item NPT instrument based on NPT. As the NoMAD is a relatively new instrument, the objectives of this paper are: to describe the experience of implementing the NoMAD, to describe it being used as a feedback mechanism to gain insight into the normalization process of a complex health intervention, and to further explore the psychometric properties of the instrument.

Development and implementation of a prescription opioid registry across diverse health systems.

Objective: Develop and implement a prescription opioid registry in 10 diverse health systems across the US and describe trends in prescribed opioids between 2012 and 2018.

Materials And Methods: Using electronic health record and claims data, we identified patients who had an outpatient fill for any prescription opioid, and/or an opioid use disorder diagnosis, between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2018. The registry contains distributed files of prescription opioids, benzodiazepines and other select medications, opioid antagonists, clinical diagnoses, procedures, health services utilization, and health plan membership.

Bosutinib versus imatinib for newly diagnosed chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia: final results from the BFORE trial.

This analysis from the multicenter, open-label, phase 3 BFORE trial reports efficacy and safety of bosutinib in patients with newly diagnosed chronic phase (CP) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) after five years' follow-up. Patients were randomized to 400-mg once-daily bosutinib (n = 268) or imatinib (n = 268; three untreated). At study completion, 59.

A retrospective observational research study to describe the real-world use of bosutinib in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands.

Objectives: To describe the real-world effectiveness and safety of bosutinib in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).

Methods: This was a multi-center, retrospective, non-interventional chart review study conducted in 10 hospitals in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands.

Results: Eighty-seven patients were included.

Understanding volunteer retention in a complex, community-centred intervention: A mixed methods study in Ontario, Canada.

Volunteers are critical to supporting health care systems worldwide. For organisations that rely on volunteers, service to clients can be disrupted when volunteers leave their roles. Volunteer retention is a multi-layered phenomenon.

Human brain activity and functional connectivity as memories age from one hour to one month.

Theories of memory consolidation suggest the role of brain regions and connectivity between brain regions change as memories age. Human lesion studies indicate memories become hippocampus-independent over years, whereas animal studies suggest this process occurs across relatively short intervals, from days to weeks. Human neuroimaging studies suggest that changes in hippocampal and cortical activity and connectivity can be detected over these short intervals, but many of these studies examined only two time periods.

Characteristics of Working-Age Adults With Schizophrenia Newly Admitted to Nursing Homes.

Objectives: Persons aged <65 years account for a considerable proportion of US nursing home residents with schizophrenia. Because they are often excluded from psychiatric and long-term care studies, a contemporary understanding of the characteristics and management of working-age adults (22-64 years old) with schizophrenia living in nursing homes is lacking. This study describes characteristics of working-age adults with schizophrenia admitted to US nursing homes in 2015 and examines variations in these characteristics by age and admission location.

Quality of Nursing Homes Admitting Working-Age Adults With Serious Mental Illness.

Objective: This cross-sectional study examined the association between nursing home quality and admission of working-age persons (ages 22-64 years) with serious mental illness.

Methods: The study used 2015 national Minimum Data Set 3.0 and Nursing Home Compare (NHC) data.

Ponatinib with fludarabine, cytarabine, idarubicin, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor chemotherapy for patients with blast-phase chronic myeloid leukaemia (MATCHPOINT): a single-arm, multicentre, phase 1/2 trial.

Background: Outcomes for patients with blast-phase chronic myeloid leukaemia are poor. Long-term survival depends on reaching a second chronic phase, followed by allogeneic haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT). We investigated whether the novel combination of the tyrosine-kinase inhibitor ponatinib with fludarabine, cytarabine, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and idarubicin (FLAG-IDA) could improve response and optimise allogeneic HSCT outcomes in patients with blast-phase chronic myeloid leukaemia.

Outcomes of older patients aged 60 to 70 years undergoing reduced intensity transplant for acute myeloblastic leukemia: results of the NCRI acute myeloid leukemia 16 trial.

Reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) transplantation is increasingly offered to older patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia. We have previously shown that a RIC allograft, particularly from a sibling donor, is beneficial in intermediate-risk patients aged 35-65 years. We here present analyses from the NCRI AML16 trial extending this experience to older patients aged 60-70 inclusive lacking favorable-risk cytogenetics.

Randomized evaluation of quizartinib and low-dose ara-C vs low-dose ara-C in older acute myeloid leukemia patients.

Survival for older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) unsuitable for intensive chemotherapy is unsatisfactory. Standard nonintensive therapies have low response rates and only extend life by a few months. Quizartinib is an oral Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) inhibitor with reported activity in wild-type patients.

Responses of pea plants to multiple antagonists are mediated by order of attack and phytohormone crosstalk.

Plants are often attacked by multiple antagonists and traits of the attacking organisms and their order of arrival onto hosts may affect plant defences. However, few studies have assessed how multiple antagonists, and varying attack order, affect plant defence or nutrition. To address this, we assessed defensive and nutritional responses of Pisum sativum plants after attack by a vector herbivore (Acrythosiphon pisum), a nonvector herbivore (Sitona lineatus), and a pathogen (Pea enation mosaic virus, PEMV).