Sociodemographic factors associated with knowledge and adequate attitudes about HIV in women of reproductive age from Peru.

Background: To determine the sociodemographic factors associated with knowledge and adequate attitudes about HIV in women of reproductive age from Peru in 2021.

Materials And Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study. We analyzed a demographic and family health survey (ENDES) 2021 carried out in women of reproductive age (12 to 49 years of age).

A PD-1-targeted, receptor-masked IL-2 immunocytokine that engages IL-2Rα strengthens T cell-mediated anti-tumor therapies.

The clinical use of interleukin-2 (IL-2) for cancer immunotherapy is limited by severe toxicity. Emerging IL-2 therapies with reduced IL-2 receptor alpha (IL-2Rα) binding aim to mitigate toxicity and regulatory T cell (Treg) expansion but have had limited clinical success. Here, we show that IL-2Rα engagement is critical for the anti-tumor activity of systemic IL-2 therapy.

Combining photocontrolled-cationic and anionic-group-transfer polymerizations using a universal mediator: enabling access to two- and three-mechanism block copolymers.

An ongoing challenge in polymer chemistry is accessing diverse block copolymers from multiple polymerization mechanisms and monomer classes. One strategy to accomplish this goal without intermediate compatibilization steps is the use of universal mediators. Thiocarbonyl thio (TCT) functional groups are well-known mediators to combine radical with either cationic or anionic polymerization, but a sequential cationic-anionic universal mediator system has never been reported.

Intrathecal Morphine for Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Cardiac surgeries often result in significant postoperative pain, leading to considerable use of opioids for pain management. However, excessive opioid use can lead to undesirable side effects and chronic opioid use. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether preoperative intrathecal morphine could reduce postoperative opioid consumption in patients undergoing cardiac surgery requiring sternotomy.

Proportion of cancer cases and deaths attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors in Peru.

Background: Limited evidence exists on the population attributable fraction (PAF) of cancer cases and deaths in Latin America. In Peru several studies have been published regarding the PAF of various risk factors and their associated diseases. The objective of this study was to estimate the fraction of cancer cases and deaths attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors in Peru in 2018, before the COVID-19 pandemic in the population of 15 years old and older.

Dynamic assessment of spine movement patterns using an RGB-D camera and deep learning.

In clinical practice, functional limitations in patients with low back pain are subjectively assessed, potentially leading to misdiagnosis and prolonged pain. This paper proposes an objective deep learning (DL) markerless motion capture system that uses a red-green-blue-depth (RGB-D) camera to measure the kinematics of the spine during flexion-extension (FE) through: 1) the development and validation of a DL semantic segmentation algorithm that segments the back into four anatomical classes and 2) the development and validation of a framework that uses these segmentations to measure spine kinematics during FE. Twenty participants performed ten cycles of FE with drawn-on point markers while being recorded with an RGB-D camera.

Finding your lane: experiences and beyond for adults learning to swim.

The purpose of this study was to examine experiences and impacts from participating in an adult swim instruction program. We conducted 20 semi-structured interviews with adults aged 18 + who had participated in an adult learn to swim program. Participants were interviewed through a virtual platform using a semi-structured protocol.

Ultrastructural skin alterations of healthy subjects with -desmoglein 1 antibodies in endemic areas to pemphigus foliaceus: A case series.

Background: Endemic pemphigus foliaceus and endemic pemphigus vulgaris are autoimmune dermatologic disorders endemic to the Peruvian Amazon.

Objective: To determine the ultrastructural skin alterations of three healthy subjects with anti DSG-1 antibodies in areas endemic to pemphigus foliaceus and pemphigus vulgaris in the Peruvian Amazon.

Patients And Methods: Case series carried out from data of three clinically healthy subjects positive to anti DSG-1 antibodies, from Peru.

Rajids ovipositing on marine litter: A potential threat to their survival.

Marine litter is a complex environmental issue threatening the well-being of multiple organisms. In the present study, we present an overlooked pathway by which marine litter interaction with certain ovigerous skates (Family: Rajidae) communities could compromise their survival. We propose that skates from the genus Sympterygia deposit their egg capsules on marine litter substrates by accident, which are then washed ashore still unhatched.

Drowning in the United States: Patient and scene characteristics using the novel CARES drowning variables.

Introduction: Drowning results in more than 360,000 deaths annually, making it the 3rd leading cause of unintentional injury death worldwide. Prior studies examining drowning internationally have reviewed factors surrounding drowning however in the U.S.

Exploring the Potential of R0052 and R0175 as Promising Psychobiotics Using SHIME.

Psychobiotics are probiotics that have the characteristics of modulating central nervous system (CNS) functions or reconciled actions by the gut-brain axis (GBA) through neural, humoral and metabolic pathways to improve gastrointestinal activity as well as anxiolytic and even antidepressant abilities. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of R0052 and R0175 on the gut microbiota of mildly anxious adults using SHIME. The protocol included a one-week control period and two weeks of treatment with R0052 and R0175.

The Fruit Intake-Adiposity Paradox: Findings from a Peruvian Cross-Sectional Study.

Due to the increase in obesity worldwide, international organizations have promoted the adoption of a healthy lifestyle, as part of which fruit consumption stands out. However, there are controversies regarding the role of fruit consumption in mitigating this disease. The objective of the present study was to analyze the association between fruit intake and body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in a representative sample of Peruvians.

Teaching-learning process and the attitude toward scientific research among midwifery students.

Background: Research in universities requires systematic and participatory processes that integrate teachers, contents, strategies and tools, and students and their own interests. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to establish the relationship between the perception of the teaching-learning process (TLP) and the attitude toward scientific research among midwifery students.

Materials And Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted on 250 students from second to fourth year of study selected by convenience sampling.

Factors Associated with Symptoms of Depression among People with Obesity: Analysis of a 3-Year-Peruvian National Survey.

Introduction: Obesity and depression contribute to the global burden of economic cost, morbidity, and mortality. Nevertheless, not all people with obesity develop depression.

Objective: To determine the factors associated with depressive symptoms among people aged 15 or older with obesity from the National Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES in Spanish 2019-2021).

Epidemiological Characteristics of Deaths from COVID-19 in Peru during the Initial Pandemic Response.

Background And Aim: Peru is the country with the highest mortality rate from COVID-19 globally, so the analysis of the characteristics of deaths is of national and international interest. The aim was to determine the epidemiological characteristics of deaths from COVID-19 in Peru from 28 March to 21 May 2020.

Methods: Deaths from various sources were investigated, including the COVID-19 Epidemiological Surveillance and the National System of Deaths (SINADEF).

Hospitalization, death, and probable reinfection in Peruvian healthcare workers infected with SARS-CoV-2: a national retrospective cohort study.

Background: Peru has some of the worst outcomes worldwide as a result of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic; it is presumed that this has also affected healthcare workers. This study aimed to establish whether occupation and other non-occupational variables were risk factors for possible reinfection, hospitalization, and mortality from COVID-19 in cohorts of Peruvian healthcare workers infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study.

Neuronutrients and Central Nervous System: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: The brain is the most complex organ in the human body, with a high and constant demand for inputs. Adequate nutrition is essential for the complete functioning of the brain, not only due to the energy supply, mainly from carbohydrates, but also due to the adequate supply of other macronutrients and micronutrients for the synthesis of neurotransmitters and protein components. Vitamins, minerals, and other components of the diet also constitute the so-called "neuro-nutrients".

Campus recreational participation and COVID-19: impact on college student health and well-being.

Campus recreational sport activities impact college student health and well-being in a variety of domains. This multi-institutional study examined the participation of students in campus recreation during the pandemic and explored the relationship between student participation and their demographic markers, COVID-19 experience, and perceptions of risk, health and safety. Results from a survey of 1,815 American college students indicated the presence of statistical differences in sport participation based on and within various areas of analysis.

Low-cost luminescent scaffolds-based on thiol chitosans by microwave radiation for vertebral disc repair/theragnostic.

This study introduces a new 3D scaffold based on thiolated chitosans with luminescence by microwave radiation using cysteine (Chi_CT_Cys) and 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (Chi_CT_MUA) for vertebral disc regeneration/theragnostic. These scaffolds were characterized by Raman, PL spectroscopy, swelling, gel-fraction, and morphologies. Cytocompatibility and mechanical behavior were evaluated.

First record of plastiglomerates, pyroplastics, and plasticrusts in South America.

Beaches in the Anthropocene carry the heavy burden of human-derived pollution, like that induced by plastic litter. For decades, plastic debris has been classified based on its source or physical size. In recent years, studies described and documented new forms of plastic formations, including plastiglomerates, plasticrusts, and pyroplastics.

Vaccine Attitudes and COVID-19 Vaccine Intentions and Prevention Behaviors among Young People At-Risk for and Living with HIV in Los Angeles and New Orleans.

Sexual and gender minority (SGM) and racial or ethnic minority youth at-risk for or living with HIV may have higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, there are few data on vaccine hesitancy/acceptance and COVID-19 self-protective behaviors among this population. Youth aged 15-24 years ( = 440), predominantly African American and Latine (73%, = 320) SGM, from Los Angeles and New Orleans reported their vaccine attitudes and COVID-19 and HIV preventive behaviors in October 2020.