Elevated phenylalanine on newborn screening: follow-up testing may reveal undiagnosed galactosaemia.

Unlabelled: Introduction Newborn screening for phenylketonuria (PKU) can reveal other conditions which lead to an increased blood spot phenylalanine (Phe) concentration. We have investigated the proportion of blood spot samples that gave a positive screen due to clinically significant conditions other than PKU, compared the positive predictive value (PPV) of our referral Phe cut-off with that recommended by the UK Newborn Screening Programme Centre (UKNSPC) (>210 and >240 μmol/L, respectively) and evaluated the effectiveness of reflex testing for galactosaemia using a lower blood spot Phe cut-off concentration of 130 μmol/L.

Methods: All blood spot samples that screened positive, for an increased Phe concentration, between April 2001 and March 2008, were identified from the records of the Sheffield Newborn Screening Laboratory and the diagnoses noted.

Mucosal immune responses to capsular pneumococcal polysaccharides in immunized preschool children and controls with similar nasal pneumococcal colonization rates.

Background: Immunization with conjugate pneumococcal vaccines induces significant primary and memory IgG anti-polysaccharide (PS) responses in serum. It can also induce mucosal responses in infants especially after a polysaccharide booster. However, it is unclear whether it can prime for mucosal memory responses on nasal exposure to pneumococcus, which may be important in protection against pneumococcal invasion and/or carriage.

Pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in children following heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in infancy.

Aims: To ascertain whether the reduction in nasopharyngeal carriage of vaccine serotypes induced by pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PnCV) administered to infants persists beyond the age of 2 years.

Methods: Non-randomised, unblinded controlled study of 2-5 year old children who had received three doses of heptavalent PnCV (7VPnCV) in infancy and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine at 13 months, and unimmunised controls. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken in summer (150 vaccinated subjects, 126 controls) and winter (143 vaccinated subjects, 188 controls).

Mucosal immune responses to meningococcal conjugate polysaccharide vaccines in infants.

Background: Serogroup C meningococcal conjugate polysaccharide vaccines have been reported to induce significant serum IgG antibodies and immunologic memory in infants. Because meningococcus is a mucosal pathogen colonizing the nasopharynx, local mucosal immune responses may play an important role in host defense against infection and carriage. We have investigated the mucosal IgA and IgG antibody responses to two meningococcal C conjugate vaccines in the saliva of healthy infants.

Safety of a new conjugate meningococcal C vaccine in infants.

Background: Group C conjugate meningococcal vaccines (Men C) were introduced into the UK primary immunisation schedule in November 1999. There has been extensive professional and public interest in their efficacy and safety.

Aim: To determine the occurrence of at least one uncommon adverse event in infants related to the administration of the Chiron Men C vaccine.

[Does the therapy with indomethacin interfere with growth in Bartter's syndrome in childhood?].

The authors describe a new-born form of Bartter's syndrome treated for about 6 years with Indomethacin in a quantity of 2 mg/Kg/die except short periods, during which it was given triamterene in a quantity of 2 mg/Kg/die. While with the first medicine the growth of height has had an average increase of about 9 cm a year, with the second one there hasn't been any result neither on growth nor on the rest of symptomatology. The A.

[Evaluation of kidney damage in neonatal anoxia syndrome: a 1-year follow-up].

In thirty-three newborns with anoxic syndrome was valued the renal injury making use of usual parameters of renal function (Blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, FeNa, Clcr) and furthermore the rate of urinary excretion of beta 2-microglobulin, a marker of tubular damage. All the parameters at the beginning of follow-up were altered. Further monitoring of these showed that BUN, creatinine, FeNa, Clcr were normalized in a short time.

[Determination of the urinary secretion of beta 2-microglobulin combined with sequential renal scintigraphy using H123 for the early diagnosis of pyelonephritis in children].

The acute pyelonephritis diagnosis in the infancy is often known very late or it is even underestimate that's why the general adopted criteria normally give no a certainty of the exact centre and the real damage entity. For this reason the authors have adopted a diagnostic protocol, which is based on the association of the urinary excretion dosage of beta 2 microglobulin, with sequential renal scan with Hippuran 123. In cases when the urinary beta 2 microglobulin was increasing, we could check a correspondent alteration of scintigraphic secretory phase.

A fast and convenient method for determining estrogen receptor using rabbit uterus as a standard.

A fast and convenient method is described for the determination of estrogen receptors (ERs). This method involves the use of rabbit uterus as a standard. ER content of the rabbit uterus powder was determined using the conventional methods, i.

Construct validity of the marital communication inventory.

The Marital Communication Inventory (MCI) is an extremely popular self-report measure of marital communication that has been used in over 65 dissertations and empirical articles since 1970, including several recent clinical reports that used the MCI as a principal outcome measure. However, contrary to its treatment in the clinical literature as a unidimensional, valid measure of treatment outcome, the MCI appears to be a multidimensional instrument, whose primary dimension may not be a specific style or method of communication. Using a canonical correlation analysis of data from over 200 midwestern wives, we compared MCI subscales with subscales from an abbreviated version of the Barrett-Lennard Relationship Inventory (RI).