Revisions of the Phenomenological and Statistical Statements of the Second Law of Thermodynamics.

The status of the Second Law of Thermodynamics, even in the 21st century, is not as certain as when Arthur Eddington wrote about it a hundred years ago. It is not only about the truth of this law, but rather about its strict and exhaustive formulation. In the previous article, it was shown that two of the three most famous thermodynamic formulations of the Second Law of Thermodynamics are non-exhaustive.

High-Mobility Topological Semimetals as Novel Materials for Huge Magnetoresistance Effect and New Type of Quantum Hall Effect.

The quantitative description of electrical and magnetotransport properties of solid-state materials has been a remarkable challenge in materials science over recent decades. Recently, the discovery of a novel class of materials-the topological semimetals-has led to a growing interest in the full understanding of their magnetotransport properties. In this review, the strong interplay among topology, band structure, and carrier mobility in recently discovered high carrier mobility topological semimetals is discussed and their effect on their magnetotransport properties is outlined.

Trends in the Second Law of Thermodynamics.

The Second Law of Thermodynamics represents a milestone in the history of not only physics but also chemistry, engineering, and, more generally, life and natural sciences [...

Entropy for the Brain and Applied Computation.

Entropy is a quantity expressing the measure of disorder or unpredictability in a system, and, from a more general point of view, it can be regarded as an irreversible source of energy [...

Statistical Thermodynamics of Chiral Skyrmions in a Ferromagnetic Material.

Solitons are a challenging topic in condensed matter physics and materials science because of the interplay between their topological and physical properties and for the crucial role they play in topological phase transitions. Among them, chiral skyrmions hosted in ferromagnetic systems are axisymmetric solitonic states attracting a lot of attention for their dazzling physical properties and technological applications. In this paper, the equilibrium statistical thermodynamics of chiral magnetic skyrmions developing in a ferromagnetic material having the shape of an ultrathin cylindrical dot is investigated.