Incarcerated Colonoscope in a Left Inguinal Hernia During Diagnostic Colonoscopy.

Colonoscope entrapment in an inguinal hernia is rare and few cases have been described in the literature. We present a 54-year-old patient who underwent a diagnostic colonoscopy which was complicated by incarceration of the colonoscope in a left inguinal hernia. This rare complication occurs more frequently during withdrawal, and our case was unique, given the incarceration of the colonoscope occurred during the insertion phase.

An open-label study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of tissue plasminogen activator in treatment of severe frostbite.

Background: Severe frostbite can have devastating consequences with loss of limbs and digits. One of the mechanisms of cold injury to human tissue is vascular thrombosis. The effect of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and heparin in limb and digit preservation in severe frostbite patients has not been previously studied.

Anal condyloma: a comparison between HIV positive and negative patients.

HIV positive and negative patients with anal condylomata were compared to determine an association with squamous cell neoplasia, its disease progression, and response to treatment. From 1992 to 2003, 61 patients were diagnosed with anal condylomata by anal biopsy. Thirty-four patients were HIV+ and 27 patients were considered HIV-.