Annual variation of source contributions to PM and oxidative potential in a mountainous area with traffic, biomass burning, cement-plant and biogenic influences.

Toxicity of particulate matter (PM) depends on its sources, size and composition. We identified PM sources and determined their contribution to oxidative potential (OP) as a health proxy for PM exposure in an Alpine valley influenced by cement industry. PM filter sample chemical analysis and equivalent black carbon (eBC) were measured at an urban background site from November 2020 to November 2021.

Supporting the improvement of air quality management practices: The "FAIRMODE pilot" activity.

This paper presents the first outcomes of the "FAIRMODE pilot" activity, aiming at improving the way in which air quality models are used in the frame of the European "Air Quality Directive". Member States may use modelling, combined with measurements, to "assess" current levels of air quality and estimate future air quality under different scenarios. In case of current and potential exceedances of the Directive limit values, it is also requested that they "plan" and implement emission reductions measures to avoid future exceedances.