A novel red grape cells complex: health effects and bioavailability of natural resveratrol.

In this study, we present a novel product consisted of red grape cells (RGC) grown in culture and evaluated its effect on human LDL oxidation (in vitro) and inflammatory stress (in an in vivo rat model). We analyzed RGC for its polyphenols content and characterized RGC-derived resveratrol (RES) and its properties; and finally, we characterized the pharmacokinetic profile of RGC-RES in human plasma. RGC has demonstrated a strong inhibitory effect on LDL oxidation with IC50 as low as 8.

The use of PEGylated liposomes in the development of drug delivery applications for the treatment of hemophilia.

Hemophilia A is a rare X-linked bleeding disorder caused by lack or dysfunction of coagulation factor VIII (FVIII). Hemophilia A is treated with replacement therapy, but frequent injections of the missing FVIII often lead to the formation of inhibitory antibodies. Patients who develop high levels of inhibitors must be treated with bypassing agents such as activated FVII (FVIIa).

Safety, pharmacokinetics and efficacy of factor VIIa formulated with PEGylated liposomes in haemophilia A patients with inhibitors to factor VIII--an open label, exploratory, cross-over, phase I/II study.

  Recombinant activated factor VIIa (FVIIa) is a bypassing agent used to treat bleeding episodes in haemophilia patients with inhibitors to factor VIII (FVIII) and factor IX. The pharmacological effect of FVIIa is short-lived and therefore with the recommended dose of 90 μg kg(-1), a bleeding episode is treated with multiple injections. A long-acting form of FVIIa that can ensure adequate haemostasis with a single infusion, without increasing the thrombotic risk, would therefore be beneficial.

Enhancement of the efficacy of therapeutic proteins by formulation with PEGylated liposomes; a case of FVIII, FVIIa and G-CSF.

Importance Of The Field: Improving the pharmacodynamics of protein drugs has the potential to improve the care and the quality of life of patients suffering from a variety of diseases.

Areas Covered In This Review: Four approaches to improve protein drugs are described: PEGylation, amino acid substitution, fusion to carrier proteins and encapsulation. A new platform technology based on the binding of proteins/peptides to the outer surface of PEGylated liposomes (PEGLip) is then presented.