Effects of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) Essential Oil on Bacterial Growth and Expression of Some Virulence Genes in Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis.

Background: The investigation on natural antimicrobial compounds against zoonotic pathogens has gained more attention due to the public health concerns regarding the emergence of antimicrobial resistance.

Objectives: The current study aimed to assess the effects of thyme essential oil at sub-minimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) on bacterial growth and expression of some virulence genes in Salmonella enteritidis.

Methods: The bacterial growth rate and the expression of four virulence genes in S.

Design and Development of a New Method for the Production of Nanotoxoids from Beta Toxin.

In recent years, a nanoparticle-based strategy has shown that non-denatured protein toxins can be used to enhance the appropriate immune response. Once the toxin reacts between the nanoparticles and the protein (toxin), it loses its toxicity because it does not attach to its ligand at the cell surface. The results of the nanoparticle and toxin complex show that the nanoparticles facilitate the internal release of the toxin.

Antimicrobial and anti-biofilm effects of carotenoid pigment extracted from strain on food-borne bacteria.

Background And Objectives: Carotenoid pigments are among the most important pigments and have many applications in various food, cosmetics, hygiene industries and biotechnology. These pigments are produced by plants and microorganisms including spp. This research intended to study the antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of the carotenoid pigment from on food spoilage bacteria ( and Typhimurium).

Prevalence of main quinolones and carbapenems resistance genes in clinical and veterinary strains.

Background And Objectives: Antibiotics-resistant strains are considered one of the most important causes of human and animal infections worldwide. The aim of current study was to detect common resistance (carbapenems and quinolones) genes by PCR.

Materials And Methods: A total of 100 strains isolated from human urinary tract infection and 20 isolated strains of aborted sheep embryos were collected.

Evaluation of viral load and expression level of apoptotic genes in selected tissues of two hybrids of commercial broiler chickens challenged with infectious bronchitis virus: a comparative study.

Background: Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes severe economic losses worldwide. IBV has a broad tissue distribution with different viral loads in different tissues. Additionally, IBV can induce apoptosis in infected cells.