Acid and phosphatase-triggered release and trapping of a prodrug on cancer cell enhance its chemotherapy.

Using anticancer drug-encapsulated nanocarriers to actively target tumors is a promising chemotherapy strategy. Nevertheless, premature release of the drugs in tumor microenvironment (TME) or low tumor targeting efficiency of the nanocarriers significantly reduces its therapeutic efficiency. Herein, we propose a release-and-trapping strategy that significantly enhances the chemotherapeutic efficiency of an anticancer drug camptothecin.

Impacts of combining PD-L1 inhibitor and radiotherapy on the tumour immune microenvironment in a mouse model of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The combination of radiation with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been demonstrated to display synergistic effects in solid cancers. Nevertheless, the anti-tumor effect of combining radiation with programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has remained unclear. Therefore, the objectives of our study were to evaluate the anti-tumor effects of PD-L1 inhibitors combined with radiotherapy in a mouse model of ESCC and to depict the immune landscape within the tumor microenvironment (TME).

Measurement of Very-High-Energy Diffuse Gamma-Ray Emissions from the Galactic Plane with LHAASO-WCDA.

The diffuse Galactic gamma-ray emission is a very important tool used to study the propagation and interaction of cosmic rays in the Milky Way. In this Letter, we report the measurements of the diffuse emission from the Galactic plane-covering Galactic longitudes from 15° to 235° and latitudes from -5° to +5°, in an energy range of 1 to 25 TeV-made with the Water Cherenkov Detector Array (WCDA) of the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory. After the sky regions of known sources are masked, the diffuse emission is detected with 24.

Case Report: Persistent toxic reactions in a toddler with a negative blood cantharidin toxicology test.

Cantharidin is a potent natural toxin and has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat cancers and various ailments such as rabies or psoriasis. However, improper use of cantharidin can easily lead to poisoning. Despite there is an increasing amount of literature on the toxic mechanisms of cantharidin, there is still limited knowledge about the disease progression, toxic reactions and toxic blood concentrations in children with cantharidin poisoning.

The influence of microplate spacing on mandibular ramus fracture fixation stability: a biomechanical finite element analysis.

Objective: To investigate the effect of different microplate spacing on the relative displacement of the fractured mandibular ramus during mastication after using double microplates for fixation, using finite element analysis. This study aims to provide a theoretical basis for clinical design of the distance between two microplates.

Methods: Finite element models of the mandible, teeth, periodontal membrane, and microplates (Johnson & Johnson, thickness 1 mm) were established.