BubR1 Controls Heart Development by Promoting Expression of Cardiogenesis Regulators.

Background: Congenital heart defects are structural anomalies present at birth that can affect the function of the heart. Aneuploidy is a significant risk factor for congenital heart defects. Mosaic variegated aneuploidy syndrome, caused by mutations in (encoding BubR1, a mitotic checkpoint protein), leads to congenital heart defects such as septal defects.

Role of spindle assembly checkpoint proteins in gametogenesis and embryogenesis.

The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is a surveillance mechanism that prevents uneven segregation of sister chromatids between daughter cells during anaphase. This essential regulatory checkpoint prevents aneuploidy which can lead to various congenital defects observed in newborns. Many studies have been carried out to elucidate the role of proteins involved in the SAC as well as the function of the checkpoint during gametogenesis and embryogenesis.

BubR1 and SIRT2: Insights into aneuploidy, aging, and cancer.

Aging is a significant risk factor for cancer which is due, in part, to heightened genomic instability. Mitotic surveillance proteins such as BubR1 play a pivotal role in ensuring accurate chromosomal segregation and preventing aneuploidy. BubR1 levels have been shown to naturally decline with age and its loss is associated with various age-related pathologies.

Effect of Divalent Metal Ions on the Ribonuclease Activity of the Toxin Molecule HP0894 from .

Bacteria and archaea respond and adapt to environmental stress conditions by modulating the toxin-antitoxin (TA) system for survival. Within the bacterium , the protein HP0894 is a key player in the HP0894-HP0895 TA system, in which HP0894 serves as a toxin and HP0895 as an antitoxin. HP0894 has intrinsic ribonuclease (RNase) activity that regulates gene expression and translation, significantly influencing bacterial physiology and survival.