Hydrocele Masking Testicular Tumour With Extensive Nodal Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Hydrocele is one of the most common causes of scrotal swellings. Fluid accumulation within the tunica vaginalis, a remnant of the peritoneum covering the testicle, leads to scrotal swelling. It is known to be a benign condition with no subsequent complications apart from increasing in size causing discomfort.

Management of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with progressive neurological disease.

Purpose Of Review: Progressive neurological disease can cause lower urinary tract symptoms similar to those seen in bladder outflow obstruction. Increasingly common with age, these two groups of conditions often coexist. The complex pathophysiology of men with this combination of problems is often poorly understood and suboptimally managed, mostly with long-term indwelling catheters.

Posterior urethral valves: prenatal diagnostic signs and outcome.

Introduction: Urethral valves can be of enormous clinical importance. Both the prognosis for an affected fetus and the indication for a prenatal therapeutic intervention depend to a high degree on the accuracy of the prenatal diagnosis.

Patients And Methods: The sonographic findings and the results of the postnatal diagnostic workup of 24 boys treated for urethral valves in our institute are analyzed in the present paper.

Antenatal diagnostic aspects of unilateral multicystic kidney dysplasia--sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, differential diagnoses, associated malformations and consequences.

Objectives: Unilateral multicystic kidney dysplasia (MCKD) is the second most common urinary tract abnormality diagnosed antenatally. Whilst an isolated unilateral MCKD has a good prognosis, a poor outcome must be expected when MCKD is associated with other complex abnormalities.

Material: Out of 11,176 cases, 693 fetuses were suspected of having urinary tract abnormalities.

Follow-up of unilateral multicystic kidney dysplasia after prenatal diagnosis.

Objectives: Since the introduction of antenatal diagnostic screening, multicystic kidney dysplasia (MCKD) has been diagnosed in 1 of 4300 live births. We analyze our own experience and demonstrate a management regime based on these results and existing studies.

Methods: Retrospective data analysis was carried out in 110 patients, prenatally diagnosed with MCDK.