from Human Wounds: Analysis of Resistance to β-Lactams and Expression of RND Efflux Pumps.

Purpose: Resistance of pathogenic strains of to β-lactams, particularly to ampicillin, is on the rise and it is attributed to intrinsic and acquired mechanisms. One important factor contributing to resistance, together with primarily resistance mechanisms, is a mutation and/or an over-expression of the intrinsic efflux pumps in the resistance-nodulation-division (RND) superfamily. Among these efflux pumps, AcrA, AcrB, TolC, and AcrD play an important role in antimicrobial co-resistance, including resistance to β-lactams.

Synergistic Effect of Chitosan and Selenium Nanoparticles on Biodegradation and Antibacterial Properties of Collagenous Scaffolds Designed for Infected Burn Wounds.

A highly porous scaffold is a desirable outcome in the field of tissue engineering. The porous structure mediates water-retaining properties that ensure good nutrient transportation as well as creates a suitable environment for cells. In this study, porous antibacterial collagenous scaffolds containing chitosan and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) as antibacterial agents were studied.

Characterization and Analysis of Probiotic-Derived Peptides Against Multi Drug Resistance Bacterial Infections.

An inexorable switch from antibiotics has become a major desideratum to overcome antibiotic resistance. Bacteriocin from , a cardinal probiotic was used to design novel antibacterial peptides named as Probiotic Bacteriocin Derived and Modified (PBDM) peptides (PBDM1: YKWFAHLIKGLC and PBDM2: YKWFRHLIKKLC). The loop-shaped 3D structure of peptides was characterized via molecular dynamics simulation as well as biophysically via spectroscopic methods.

Toward Accelerated Authorization and Access to New Medicines for Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.

A meeting was organized to bring together multiple stakeholders involved in the testing and authorization of new medications for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) to discuss current issues surrounding clinical trials and access to new medications for children and adolescents with JIA. The Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance invited representatives of regulatory agencies (Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency), and major pharmaceutical companies with JIA-approved products or products in development, patient and parent representatives, representatives of an advocacy organization (Arthritis Foundation), and pediatric rheumatology clinicians/investigators to a 1-day meeting in April 2018. The participants engaged in discussion regarding issues in clinical trials.

A Comparison of EMA and FDA Decisions for New Drug Marketing Applications 2014-2016: Concordance, Discordance, and Why.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) have robust scientific and technical collaborations. As a window to the impact of these activities we compared the agencies' decisions on drug marketing applications. Decisions were compared for 107 new drug applications with a regulatory outcome at both agencies in the period 2014-2016.