Use of over-the-counter supplements, sleep aids and analgesic medicines in rheumatology: results of a cross-sectional survey.

Objectives: Pain, fatigue and sleep disturbances are common symptoms in patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) that may prompt the use of over-the-counter (OTC) supplements, sleep aids and analgesics as self-management strategies. This study evaluated the prevalence of OTC supplements, sleep aids and pain relievers and the financial burden associated with their use in rheumatology.

Methods: A web-based survey developed with patients was administered in rheumatology clinics in an English hospital.

Spatial interactions modulate tumor growth and immune infiltration.

Direct observation of tumor-immune interactions is unlikely in tumors with currently available technology, but computational simulations based on clinical data can provide insight to test hypotheses. It is hypothesized that patterns of collagen evolve as a mechanism of immune escape, but the exact nature of immune-collagen interactions is poorly understood. Spatial data quantifying collagen fiber alignment in squamous cell carcinomas indicates that late-stage disease is associated with highly aligned fibers.

Cell-specific regulation of the circadian clock by BMAL1 in the paraventricular nucleus: Implications for regulation of systemic biological rhythms.

Circadian rhythms are internal biological rhythms driving temporal tissue-specific, metabolic programs. Loss of the circadian transcription factor BMAL1 in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus reveals its importance in metabolic rhythms, but its functions in individual PVN cells are poorly understood. Here, loss of BMAL1 in the PVN results in arrhythmicity of processes controlling energy balance and alters peripheral diurnal gene expression.