Ex Vivo Delivery of mRNA to Immune Cells via a Nonendosomal Route Obviates the Need for Nucleoside Modification.

Base modification and the use of lipid nanoparticles are thought to be essential for efficient in vivo delivery and expression of mRNA. However, for ex vivo immune cell engineering, the need for either of the two is unclear. Previous reports have suggested that nucleic acids may be efficiently delivered to immune cells ex vivo, through a nonendosomal delivery route, but the need for base modification has not been determined.

A Modified Delphi Process to Achieve Consensus on Social/Administrative Science Topics in Pharmacy Curricula.

Objective: This study aimed to identify a consensus among pharmacy educators regarding relevant social and administrative science (SAS) topic areas and their priorities within pharmacy curricula.

Methods: A modified Delphi process was conducted with members of selected American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy affinity groups as the expert panel. A total of 83 potential topic areas across 12 domains were gathered via an informal literature review.

Deciphering the role of VapBC13 and VapBC26 toxin antitoxin systems in the pathophysiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

The expansion of VapBC TA systems in M. tuberculosis has been linked with its fitness and survival upon exposure to stress conditions. Here, we have functionally characterized VapBC13 and VapBC26 TA modules of M.

Backbone assignment of CcdB_G100T toxin from E.coli in complex with the toxin binding C-terminal domain of its cognate antitoxin CcdA.

The CcdAB system expressed in the E.coli cells is a prototypical example of the bacterial toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems that ensure the survival of the bacterial population under adverse environmental conditions. The solution and crystal structures of CcdA, CcdB and of CcdB in complex with the toxin-binding C-terminal domain of CcdA have been reported.