Renal Transplant in a Child With the Donor Kidney Having 2 Renal Arteries.

Kidney transplant has become the preferred renal replacement therapy for children with end-stage renal disease. The results of kidney transplant have improved enormously due to advances in organ procurement, organ preservation, surgical techniques, and immunosuppressive regimens. Renal transplant is a more cost-effective method versus hemodialysis and provides better quality of life.

Reorganizing chromatin by cellular deformation.

Biologists have the capability to edit a genome at the nanometer scale and then observe whether or not the edit affects the structure of a developing organ or organism at the centimeter scale. Our understanding of the underlying mechanisms driving this emergent phenomenon from a multiscale perspective remains incomplete. This review focuses predominantly on recent experimental developments in uncovering the mechanical interplay between the chromatin and cell scale since mechanics plays a major role in determining nuclear, cellular, and tissue structure.

Switchable microscale stress response of actin-vimentin composites emerges from scale-dependent interactions.

The mechanical properties of the mammalian cell regulate many cellular functions and are largely dictated by the cytoskeleton, a composite network of protein filaments, including actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. Interactions between these distinct filaments give rise to emergent mechanical properties that are difficult to generate synthetically, and recent studies have made great strides in advancing our understanding of the mechanical interplay between actin and microtubule filaments. While intermediate filaments play critical roles in the stress response of cells, their effect on the rheological properties of the composite cytoskeleton remains poorly understood.