Effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on small intestinal mucosa in rats.

Penetration of titanium dioxide nanoparticles into enterocytes after their administration into isolated loop of rat small intestine was shown in vivo by transmission electron microscopy. Using electron diffraction, titanium dioxide nanoparticles were identified in the apical regions of the cells under plasma membranes and in deeper parts of the cytoplasm as solitary objects or small aggregations. Water dispersions of nanoparticles (3-h exposure to high concentrations) caused no appreciable morphological changes in enterocyte ultrastructure.

[Control of nanoparticles in food and biological objects. Report 2. Filtration, centrifugation, spectral methods and electrophoresis].

The large number of the analysis methods of engineered nanoparticles and nanoobjects as a part of disperse systems on the basis of principles of a membrane filtration (micro, ultra- and a nanofiltration) ultracentrifugation, spectral methods, including dynamic and static laser light scattering, Raman light scattering, low-angle X-ray scattering, x-ray techniques, laser decomposition spectroscopy, and other methods are developed. Mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma can be successfully used in studying of nanomaterials chemical composition in conditions when there is additional independent information on presence of analyzed substance in a nanoscale form. Methods of electrophoresis in a supportive environment and capillary electrophoresis are beginning to be successfully applied in the study of artificial nanomaterials.

[Methods of nanoparticles control in food and biological objects. Report 1. Use of microscopic and chromatography investigation methods].

One of the promising applications of modern nanotechnology are food productions, which includes the improvement of food packaging, creation of new forms of nutrients that are characterized by improved assimilation and technological characteristics, quality control through the creation of compact and cheap test kits. All these applications of nanomaterials related to the risks of the possibility of receipt of potentially toxic nanoparticles in the diet. The task of regulation and hygienic standardization requires developing of the methods, their qualitative and quantitative analysis for such complex, multicomponent systems, which are the agricultural commodities and food products.

[Efficacy of using zinc oxide nanoparticles in nutrition. Experiments on the laboratory animal].

In experiments on rats there was researched bioavailability of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. There were determined the content of Zn in blood serum and tibia, intestinal uptake of macromolecules of egg albumin, some hematological, biochemical and immune indices, liver cells apoptosis. The results obtained show that the uptake of nanoparticles of ZnO enables restoration of this microelement status damaged by zinc deficit diet.

[Zero valent seleniume nanoparticles bioavailability estimation in rats].

Bioavailability of zero valent selenium (Se) nanoparticles with average size 60 nm was measured in rats receiving selenium deficient diet. There was demonstrated that intragastric administration of Se nanoparticles resulted in dose-dependent increase of serum Se level, normalization of tissue thiol pools, immune status and hepatocytes apoptosis. Possibilities are discussed of Se nanoparticles use in nutrition as a source of this trace element.