Developmental trajectories of Big Five personality traits among adolescents and young adults: Differences by sex, alcohol use, and marijuana use.

Objective: Individual differences in adolescent personality are related to a variety of long-term health outcomes. While previous studies have demonstrated sex differences and non-linear changes in personality development, these results remain equivocal. The current study utilized longitudinal data (n = 831) from the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence to examine sex differences in the development of personality and the association between substance use and personality.

Characterization of MR Imaging-Visible Perivascular Spaces in the White Matter of Healthy Adolescents at 3T.

Background And Purpose: Perivascular spaces play a role in cerebral waste removal and neuroinflammation. Our aim was to provide data regarding the burden of MR imaging-visible perivascular spaces in white matter in healthy adolescents using an automated segmentation method and to establish relationships between common demographic characteristics and perivascular space burden.

Materials And Methods: One hundred eighteen 12- to 21-year-old subjects underwent T1- and T2-weighted 3T MR imaging as part of the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence.

Quantitative and qualitative video analysis of infants feeding: angled- and straight-bottle feeding systems.

Objective: To determine whether an angled-bottle feeding system is more effective than a straight-bottle feeding system in facilitating the medically recommended semiupright infant posture and to determine whether an angled bottle promotes improved ergonomic alignment and comfort for the feeder.

Study Design: On two consecutive days, 23 pairs of parent-infant teams, seated in an ergonomic chair, were videotaped at the same time of day, during which infants were fed by their parents with either an angled or a straight bottle (presented in balanced order) fitted with the infants' regular nipple. Infants were given their regular type and amount of formula.