Cytotoxic Effects of ZnO and Ag Nanoparticles Synthesized in Microalgae Extracts on PC12 Cells.

The green synthesis of silver (Ag) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), as well as Ag/AgO/ZnO nanocomposites (NCs), using polar and apolar extracts of , offers a sustainable method for producing nanomaterials with tunable properties. The impact of the synthesis environment and the nanomaterials' characteristics on cytotoxicity was evaluated by examining reactive species production and their effects on mitochondrial bioenergetic functions. Cytotoxicity assays on PC12 cells, a cell line originated from a rat pheochromocytoma, an adrenal medulla tumor, demonstrated that Ag/AgO NPs synthesized with apolar (Ag/AgO NPs A) and polar (Ag/AgO NPs P) extracts exhibited significant cytotoxic effects, primarily driven by Ag ion release and the disruption of mitochondrial function.

Third-Generation CALPHAD Modeling of Elemental Nb and Zr and Partial Re-Assessment of Their Binary Phase Diagram.

Liquid metals and metallic alloys often exist as metastable phases or can be undercooled below their equilibrium melting point. The Traditional CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagrams) approach struggles to accurately model these metastable conditions, which are important in rapid quenching techniques like additive manufacturing, and to understand glass formation or oxidation phenomena occurring in the liquid phase during nuclear and high-temperature aerospace applications. On the contrary, the third-generation CALPHAD models have the potential to accurately describe metastable phase diagrams to provide better predictions of molten phase behavior under non-equilibrium conditions.

Optimization of Brilliant Blue R photocatalytic degradation by silver nanoparticles synthesized using Chlorella vulgaris.

Synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using microalgae is gaining recognition for its environmentally friendly and cost-effective nature while maintaining high activity of NPs. In the present study, Ag NPs were synthesized using a methanolic extract of Chlorella vulgaris and subjected to calcination. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed a crystalline nature of the products with AgO and Ag phases with an average crystalline size of 16.

Correction: Pakhomova et al. High-Entropy Diborides-Silicon Carbide Composites by Reactive and Non-Reactive Spark Plasma Sintering: A Comparative Study. , , 718.

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Shining light on tryptamine-derived isocyanides: access to constrained spirocylic scaffolds.

Dearomatization of indoles through a charge transfer complex constitutes a powerful tool for synthesizing three-dimensional constrained structures. However, the implementation of this strategy for the dearomatization of tryptamine-derived isocyanides to generate spirocyclic scaffolds remains underdeveloped. In this work, we have demonstrated the ability of tryptamine-derived isocyanides to form aggregates at higher concentration, enabling a single electron transfer step to generate carbon-based-radical intermediates.