The multilayer semantic network structure of community tensions.

Introduction: Semantic network analysis is an important tool researchers can use to untangle the knots of tension that arise as communities debate and discuss complex issues. Yet words connect not only to each other in community discourse but to larger themes or issues.

Methods: In this paper, we demonstrate the use of multilayer analysis for the study of semantic networks, helping to unravel connections within and between community tensions.

Oecanthus buxixu sp. nov. (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Oecanthidae): A new species of tree cricket from Brazilian Amazon rainforest.

The Tree Crickets of the genus Oecanthus Serville, 1831 are distributed across tropical and temperate regions, where they can be found in all strata of vegetation. In this work, we describe a new species of tree cricket from the Brazilian Amazon rainforest, where only one species was known until the date of this publication. This new species differs from the other 79 species in this genus by the absence of marks on the scape and pedicel of the antennae, as well as by its calling song composed of 3 to 5 chirps/s, 6 to 20 pulses per chirp, and peak frequency 3 to 3.

A novel multiple sex chromosome system in Orthoptera, found in the tree cricket Oecanthus rubromaculatus Zefa, 2022 (Grylloidea, Oecanthidae).

The X0♂/XX♀ sex chromosome system prevails in most Orthopteran species. The X chromosome stands as one of the largest chromosomes within the complement, and is characterized by its heterochromatic nature. Variations of this model were found in some species of grasshoppers, crickets, and katydids, based on X/autosome rearrangements, giving rise to new sex chromosome systems, such as neo-XY♂/XX♀ and neo-X1X2Y♂/X1X1X2X2♀.

approximation to aflatoxin B metabolism and sensitivity in commercial poultry species based on empirical mathematical equations.

Enzyme kinetic parameters for aflatoxin B metabolism have been reported for chicken, quail, turkey and duck, but an integrated model has not been proposed. Both enzyme-catalyzed reactions and spontaneous reactions were modeled in the CellDesigner software and results were adjusted to Hill, Rational and Hoerl models. Results revealed that the higher amount of aflatoxin B epoxide produced in a short lapse of time and a low production of epoxide conjugated to glutathione explains the severe genotoxic effect of aflatoxin B in duck.