Topical Administration of Oxygenated Hemoglobin Improved Wound Healing in an Ischemic Rabbit Ear Model.

Background: Localized oxygen deficiency plays a central role in the pathogenesis of chronic wounds; thus, rectifying localized ischemia with oxygen therapy has been postulated to be an integral aspect of the management of chronic wounds. The efficacy of a novel approach for oxygen therapy on chronic wound healing was evaluated.

Methods: Oxygen was delivered to ischemic wounds by means of the topical application of oxygenated, chemically modified bovine hemoglobin (IKOR 2084) in a validated rabbit ear ischemic wound model.

Systemic administration of hemoglobin improves ischemic wound healing.

Background: Oxygen plays multifaceted roles in wound healing, including effects on cell proliferation, collagen synthesis, angiogenesis, and bacterial killing. Oxygen deficit is a major factor in the pathogenesis of chronic wounds.

Materials And Methods: We present a novel mechanism for oxygen delivery to ischemic wounds by systemic administration of an oxygen carrier substitute derived from bovine hemoglobin (IKOR 2084) in our ischemic rabbit ear wound model.

Updating small area population estimates in England and Wales.

"Population estimates have important implications for resource allocation within government and commerce, and are often assumed to be without error. Currently, central government provides annual population estimates for all the local and health authority districts in Britain, but estimates are needed for smaller areas, typically for electoral wards and postal sectors. Small area estimates are provided by some local authorities and commercial organizations, using different methods; the accuracy of these estimates is modelled here within a multilevel framework.

Constructing an urban deprivation index: a way of meeting the need for flexibility.

The authors examine the use of census data to construct an urban deprivation index for the United Kingdom, with special attention given to the need for flexibility. "A single index is rejected in favour of a matrix of results which captures the complex geography of deprivation. The matrix of districts includes measures of the degree of deprivation, its spatial extent, its intensity, and the spatial distribution of deprivation at the enumeration district scale.

Modification of hemoglobin - tetrameric stabilization.

Advantage has been taken of the unique affinity of DBBF for hemoglobin to stabilize the T state and crosslink tetrameric hemoglobin. The oxygen affinity has been further decreased by using PLP to produce a chemically unique molecule with a P50 of 32 under physiologic conditions. Furthermore, the modification is specific, requires only reagents that are commercially available or easily synthesized, and can be prepared in large quantities with up to 80% yield.