Sporadic Events Have a Greater Influence on the Dynamics of Small, Isolated Populations Than Density Dependence and Environmental Conditions.

AbstractDensity dependence is often assumed in population dynamics, but its importance in small, isolated populations has been questioned. We evaluated the relative influence of density dependence, environmental conditions, and sporadic events (disease outbreaks and specialist predators) on annual population growth rate, annual female reproduction, and annual survival of juveniles and adult females in three populations of mountain ungulates. We analyzed long-term (30-47 years) individual-based data on two bighorn sheep populations and one mountain goat population in Alberta, Canada.

Antithrombotic Therapy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Coronary Artery Disease With Recent or Remote Events: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Ongoing debate remains regarding optimal antithrombotic therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and coronary artery disease.

Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the following: (i) dual-pathway therapy (DPT; oral anticoagulant [OAC] plus antiplatelet) vs triple therapy (OAC and dual-antiplatelet therapy) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and (iii) OAC monotherapy vs DPT at least 1 year after PCI or ACS. Following a 2-stage process, we identified systematic reviews published between 2019 and 2022 on these 2 clinical questions, and we updated the most comprehensive search for additional RCTs published up to October 2022.