Immediate versus deferred hormonal treatment for patients with prostate cancer who are not suitable for curative local treatment: results of the randomized trial SAKK 08/88.

Purpose: To determine if immediate hormonal therapy is advantageous compared with deferred treatment in newly diagnosed asymptomatic prostate cancer patients who, for any reason, were not candidates for curative local treatment.

Patients And Methods: Between February 1988 and February 1992, 197 patients with a median age of 76 years (range, 56 to 86 years) were randomly assigned to receive either immediate or deferred orchiectomy on symptomatic progression. The two groups did not differ significantly in clinical or laboratory parameters; 67% had T3-4 tumors and 20% had lymph node metastases.

Prospective detection of clinically relevant prostate cancer in the prostate specific antigen range 1 to 3 ng./ml. combined with free-to-total ratio 20% or less: the Aarau experience.

Purpose: Little is known about the incidence rate and clinical relevance of prostate cancer in a low prostate specific antigen (PSA) level. In a prospective PSA based screening study we investigated the incidence and clinicopathological features of prostate cancer that occurred within PSA range 1 to 3 ng./ml.

Human glandular kallikrein as a tool to improve discrimination of poorly differentiated and non-organ-confined prostate cancer compared with prostate-specific antigen.

Objectives: Human glandular kallikrein (hK2) possesses 80% structure identity with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and is secreted by identical prostate epithelial cells. Although increasing with pathologic stage, PSA is not clinically sufficient to predict histologic grade and pathologic stage of prostate cancer (PCa) in individual cases. To address this issue, serum hK2 in various PCa grades was investigated.

The importance of human glandular kallikrein and its correlation with different prostate specific antigen serum forms in the detection of prostate carcinoma.

Background: Human glandular kallikrein (hK2), the prostate specific antigen (PSA) close homologue, possesses approximately 80% structure identity with PSA. The identification of PSA was an important step in the detection of prostate carcinoma (PCa). Thus, hK2 measurement in the serum has the potential to become another important diagnostic test for PCa.

Enhanced expression of prostate-specific antigen in the transition zone of the prostate. A characterization following prostatectomy for benign hyperplasia.

Objective: To determine whether the serum levels of total prostate-specific antigen (t-PSA), free PSA (f-PSA) and PSA complexed to alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (PSA-ACT) result from different expressions in various prostatic zones.

Methods: In a series of 127 consecutive men undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for BPH between May 1995 and February 1996, t-PSA, f-PSA (ProStatus, Wallac) and PSA-ACT were measured before and 3-4 months after surgery. Pre- and postoperative prostate volumes were measured by TRUS.