Rhein inhibits angiogenesis and the viability of hormone-dependent and -independent cancer cells under normoxic or hypoxic conditions in vitro.

Hypoxia is a hallmark of solid tumors, including breast cancer, and the extent of tumor hypoxia is associated with treatment resistance and poor prognosis. Considering the limited treatment of hypoxic tumor cells and hence a poor prognosis of breast cancer, the investigation of natural products as potential chemopreventive anti-angiogenic agents is of paramount interest. Rhein (4,5-dihydroxyanthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid), the primary anthraquinone in the roots of Cassia alata L.

A phase I study of bevacizumab (B) in combination with everolimus (E) and erlotinib (E) in advanced cancer (BEE).

Purpose: VEGF, mTOR, and EGFR inhibitors have demonstrated anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic effects alone and in combination with each other. This study evaluated the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of bevacizumab, everolimus, and erlotinib combination.

Methods: Doublet therapy consisted of bevacizumab at 10 mg/kg every 14 days and everolimus 5 mg daily which escalated to 10 mg daily.

Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of lonafarnib, SCH 66336, using a 2-week on, 2-week off schedule in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Purpose: This phase I study was performed to determine the safety profile, maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and biological activity of lonafarnib (SCH 66336). Single-dose and multi-dose pharmacokinetics were conducted.

Methods: Twenty-one patients with advanced solid tumors were enrolled.

trans-resveratrol inhibits hyperglycemia-induced inflammation and connexin downregulation in retinal pigment epithelial cells.

The purpose of this study was to determine the inhibitory activity of trans-resveratrol against hyperglycemia-induced inflammation and degradation of gap junction intercellular communication in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Retinal (ARPE-19) cells were incubated with 5.5 mM glucose, 5.

A phase I dose-escalation study of imatinib mesylate (Gleevec/STI571) plus capecitabine (Xeloda) in advanced solid tumors.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to determine the maximally tolerated dose, recommended phase II dose and toxicity profile of capecitabine plus imatinib mesylate combination.

Patients And Methods: Twenty-four patients with advanced solid tumors were treated with capecitabine twice daily on days 1-14 and imatinib mesylate once daily on a 21-day cycle. Dose-limiting toxicity was assessed during the first cycle.