Delayed prandial insulin boluses are an important determinant of blood glucose control and relate to fear of hypoglycemia in people with type 1 diabetes on advanced technologies.

Aims: Automated insulin delivery systems improve blood glucose control in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, optimizing their performance requires patient's proper compliance to meal insulin bolus administration. We explored real-life prevalence of delayed prandial boluses (DBs) in adults with T1D on advanced technologies, and their association with glycemic control and fear of hypoglycemia (FH).

Stress-induced hemodynamic responses are associated with insulin resistance in mild hypertensives.

Background: High blood pressure (BP) and pulse pressure (PP) are recognized as independent risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, whereas insulin resistance (IR) is often associated with hypertension. The purpose of the study was to verify whether PP, taken at the doctor's office and during laboratory stimuli, might be predictive of IR.

Methods: Homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA) was calculated in 75 grade 1 hypertensives (148 +/- 2/92 +/- 1 mm Hg).

Insulin resistance in essential hypertension: a psychophysiological approach to the "chicken and egg" question.

Aims: High levels of plasma insulin have frequently been found in patients with high blood pressure. The causal role of insulin resistance in essential hypertension, however, is still debated. Epidemiological and clinical studies have not provided complete responses to the original pathophysiological speculations, while the suggestion that enhanced sympathetic tone may induce both insulin resistance and hypertension is gaining ground.

Microvascular changes during laboratory stimuli and structural haemodynamic indices: the role of pulse pressure.

Office and ambulatory pulse pressure have been recognized as independent predictors of cardiovascular mortality and atherosclerosis in hypertensives as well as in normotensives. On the other hand, the vascular reactivity, in subjects with high pulsatile component of blood pressure, has not been studied yet. The purpose of our study was to identify the regional muscular hemodynamics and the cutaneous microvascular changes during laboratory stimuli in young adult very mild hypertensives with high pulse pressure.