Objective: To study pediatric inpatient hospital capacity and resources, characterizing differences according to social determinants of health (SDoH) using market share techniques.
Study Design: This cross-sectional study uses non-elective inpatient discharges (≥1 month to ≤19 years) from Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project and American Hospital Association surveys to derive hospital capacity and resources/capability. We include US hospitals with ≥1 pediatric bed and ≥1 pediatric discharge and calculate per bed capital, expenditure, and staffing, transfer rates, payer-mix, and adjusted central line-associated blood stream infection (CLABSI) rate.
Background And Objective: Adherence to urate-lowering therapy among people with gout is poor, so it is important to understand which day-to-day medication-taking ('implementation') patterns are most likely to lead to suboptimal serum urate concentrations and worsen clinical outcomes. This study aimed to (1) determine the relative forgiveness (RF) of allopurinol with hypothetical and real-life implementation patterns in people with gout, (2) explore the use of RF as a means of identifying suboptimal implementation patterns, (3) assess the impact of suboptimal implementation patterns on clinical outcomes.
Methods: A simulation study was conducted using a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model for allopurinol and serum urate to determine the RF of allopurinol implementation patterns.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci
December 2024
Background: Climate change is expected to disrupt weather patterns across the world, exposing older adults to more intense and frequent periods of hot weather. Meanwhile, lab-based studies have established a causal relationship between ambient temperature and cognitive abilities, suggesting the expected rise in temperature may influence older adults' cognitive functioning. Nevertheless, it is not clear whether, and to what extent, the temperature variations in older adults' own homes - which unlike lab settings is under their control - influence their cognitive functioning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The wild stocks of Pinctada maxima pearl oysters found off the coast of northern Australia are of critical importance for the sustainability of Australia's pearling industry. Locations inhabited by pearl oysters often have oil and gas reserves in the seafloor below and are therefore potentially subjected to seismic exploration surveys. The present study assessed the impact of a simulated commercial seismic survey on the transcriptome of pearl oysters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
November 2024
Objectives: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial was conducted to assess the effect of heat-treated CECT 7347 (HT-ES1) in healthy adults with mild to moderate digestive symptoms. A total of 60 participants were recruited and received either HT-ES1 or an identical placebo for 8 weeks with a further follow-up at week 10.
Methods: This study monitored changes in the total Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale for IBS score (GSRS-IBS), Irritable Bowel Syndrome Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS), IBS Quality of Life index (IBS-QoL), gut microbiome using 16S rRNA sequencing, and the Visceral Sensitivity Index, as well as a range of biochemical markers, anthropometric parameters, and adverse events.