The burden attributable to primary headache disorders in children and adolescents in Ethiopia: estimates from a national schools-based study.

Background: We previously reported high prevalences of headache disorders among children (6-11 years) and adolescents (12-17 years) in Ethiopia. Here we provide data on headache-attributed burden collected contemporaneously from the same study participants. Part of the global schools-based programme within the Global Campaign against Headache, the study is the first to present such data from sub-Saharan Africa.

Impact of refresher training on the outcomes of trachomatous trichiasis surgery.

Background/aims: Trachomatous trichiasis (TT) is a severe consequence of chronic inflammation/conjunctival scarring resulting from trachoma, the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide. Our prospective cohort study evaluated the effectiveness of refresher training (RT) for experienced surgeons (1-22 years) on the outcomes of upper lid (UL) TT surgery in rural Ethiopia.

Methods: Patients undergoing UL TT surgery in at least one eye by a participating surgeon were included.

Association between fluoride exposure in drinking water and cognitive deficits in children: A pilot study.

Fluoride (F) exposure in drinking water may lead to reduced cognitive function among children; however, findings largely remain inconclusive. In this pilot study, we examined associations between a range of chronic F exposures (low to high: 0.4 to 15.

Neuro-medical manifestations of fluorosis in populations living in the Main Ethiopian Rift Valley.

Prolonged exposure to higher concentrations of fluoride (> 1.5 mg/L) is associated with dental and skeletal fluorosis. The effects of fluoride on dental and skeletal system have been studied extensively; however, the neurological consequences of fluoride in population-based studies are limited.

The prevalence of headache disorders in children and adolescents in Ethiopia: a schools-based study.

Background: The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study establishes headache as the second-highest cause of disability worldwide. Because most headache data in GBD are from adults, leading to underestimation of headache-attributed burden, a global schools-based programme within the Global Campaign against Headache is contributing data from children (7-11 years) and adolescents (12-17 years). This national study in Ethiopia is the first in this programme reported from sub-Saharan Africa.