Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting PD-1/PD-L1 in the treatment of human lymphomas.

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) encompass a diverse group of malignancies arising from B cells, T cells, and natural killer (NK) cells at various stages of differentiation. Conversely, classical Hodgkin lymphomas (cHLs) primarily feature Reed-Sternberg cells (RSCs) amid a background of reactive immune cells. Immunomodulatory pathways, notably the PD-1/PD-L1 axis, play pivotal roles in tumor immune evasion across both NHLs and cHLs.

Mast cell density in Merkel cell carcinoma and its correlation with prognostic features and MCPyV status: a pilot study.

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, highly aggressive, primitive neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin, the origin of which is not yet fully understood. Numerous independent prognostic factors have been investigated in an attempt to understand which are the most important parameters to indicate in the histological diagnostic report of MCC. Of these, mast cells have only been studied in one paper before this one.

Mast cells in meningiomas.

Meningioma represents the most frequent tumor of the central nervous system (CNS). Correlations between the presence of mast cells (MCs) and grade or other histological features of meningioma are still debated. Our study aimed to better understand the relationship between mast cells and meningiomas and to compare our results based on specific histological subtypes and novel 2021 CNS WHO grading system.

Autoimmunity in thymic epithelial tumors: a not yet clarified pathologic paradigm associated with several unmet clinical needs.

Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are rare mediastinal cancers originating from the thymus, classified in two main histotypes: thymoma and thymic carcinoma (TC). TETs affect a primary lymphoid organ playing a critical role in keeping T-cell homeostasis and ensuring an adequate immunological tolerance against "self". In particular, thymomas and not TC are frequently associated with autoimmune diseases (ADs), with Myasthenia Gravis being the most common AD present in 30% of patients with thymoma.

Assessment of Safe Drinking Water Handling Practices in Households of Northern India: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Waterborne diseases are the most common form of infectious disease, spreading from contaminated water, especially in a developed country. These diseases are a major concern for the environment and public health. The living conditions in developing countries like India affect the water-handling practices, which make the population vulnerable to waterborne diseases.