Publications by authors named "R T Sayre"
Article Synopsis
- Refining assumptions about the fraction absorbed (Fabs) can enhance the performance of pharmacokinetic models that use in vitro-to-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) methods for predicting oral bioavailability (Fbio) of chemicals.
- In this study, over 400 non-pharmaceuticals were tested for apparent permeability (Papp) using the Caco-2 cell line, leading to the development of a random forest quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) model which improved predictions of human bioavailability compared to rat data.
- The findings were integrated into a high throughput toxicokinetics (HTTK) framework to estimate equivalent doses for bioactivity based on in vitro data, resulting in only minor changes to exposure and bioactivity
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely used, and their fluorinated state contributes to unique uses and stability but also long half-lives in the environment and humans. PFAS have been shown to be toxic, leading to immunosuppression, cancer, and other adverse health outcomes. Only a small fraction of the PFAS in commerce have been evaluated for toxicity using in vivo tests, which leads to a need to prioritize which compounds to examine further.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultiple Wolbachia strains can block pathogen infection, replication and/or transmission in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes under both laboratory and field conditions. However, Wolbachia effects on pathogens can be highly variable across systems and the factors governing this variability are not well understood. It is increasingly clear that the mosquito host is not a passive player in which Wolbachia governs pathogen transmission phenotypes; rather, the genetics of the host can significantly modulate Wolbachia-mediated pathogen blocking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacterizing Chemical Exposure Trends from NHANES Urinary Biomonitoring Data.
Environ Health Perspect
January 2024
Background: Xenobiotic metabolites are widely present in human urine and can indicate recent exposure to environmental chemicals. Proper inference of which chemicals contribute to these metabolites can inform human exposure and risk. Furthermore, longitudinal biomonitoring studies provide insight into how chemical exposures change over time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHumans interact with thousands of chemicals. This study aims to identify substances of emerging concern and in need of human health risk evaluations. Sixteen pooled human serum samples were constructed from 25 individual samples each from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences' Clinical Research Unit.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF