Treatment patterns in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: Higher adherence and persistence with dulaglutide compared with once-weekly exenatide and liraglutide.

Aims: To compare adherence (proportion of days covered [PDC]), persistence, and treatment patterns among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) newly initiating glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs). More specifically, the main objectives were to compare dulaglutide vs exenatide once weekly and dulaglutide vs liraglutide.

Methods: Patients with T2DM newly initiating dulaglutide, albiglutide, exenatide once weekly, exenatide twice daily and liraglutide between November 2014 and April 2015 were hierarchically selected from Truven Health's MarketScan Research Databases.

Liraglutide Versus Exenatide Once Weekly: Persistence, Adherence, and Early Discontinuation.

Purpose: This study examines real-world, evidence-based comparisons of persistence and adherence to daily versus weekly glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: This retrospective observational study used U.S.

Osteoporotic fractures and associated hospitalizations among patients treated with teriparatide compared to a matched cohort of patients not treated with teriparatide.

Objective: To compare fractures and fracture-related resource utilization (RU) among patients with a recent fracture and treated with teriparatide (TPTD) to a matched cohort of patients not treated with TPTD (non-TPTD).

Research Design And Methods: Women aged 50 years or older initiating TPTD (N = 5314; index date between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2012) were identified in an insurance claims database. Patients with fragility fracture (hip, pelvis, clavicle, humerus, wrist, leg or spine) during the 12 months prior to the index date (N = 1164) were selected to control for unmeasured confounding due to absence of bone mineral density test levels.

The importance of unresolved fatigue in depression: costs and comorbidities.

Objective: To assess the cost outcomes of patients with a history of depression and clinically significant fatigue.

Methods: Adults with ≥ 2 claims with depression diagnosis codes identified from the HealthCore Integrated Research Database were invited to participate in this study linking survey data with retrospective claims data (12-mo presurvey and postsurvey periods). Patient surveys included measures for depression (Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology), fatigue (Fatigue Associated with Depression Questionnaire), anxiety (7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale), sleep difficulty (Athens Insomnia Scale), and pain (Brief Pain Inventory).