Comparable and sustained levels of S1-RBD-IgG and S1-RBD-IgA in BNT162b2 homologous and CoronaVac-BNT162b2 heterologous booster vaccination: A 22-month prospective study in Malaysia.

This prospective cohort study examines the long-term humoral immune responses post-COVID-19 vaccination in 146 individuals who received either a homologous three-dose BNT162b2 vaccine regimen (PPP) or two primary doses of CoronaVac followed by BNT162b2 booster (SSP) in Malaysia. The study focuses on serum anti-S1-RBD-IgG, -IgA, and -IgM, using the ELISA method. The results show that BNT162b2 outperformed CoronaVac in the two dose primary vaccination series.

Natural Gallic Acid and Methyl Gallate Induces Apoptosis in Hela Cells through Regulation of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Protein Expression.

Induction of apoptosis is one of the targeted approaches in cancer therapies. As previously reported, natural products can induce apoptosis in in vitro cancer treatments. However, the underlying mechanisms of cancer cell death are poorly understood.

Lower Formalin-Induced Pain Responses in Painless Diabetic Neuropathy Rat Correlate with the Reduced Spinal Cord NR2B Subunit of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Activation.

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a late complication of diabetic mellitus and may rise into painful and painless variants. Limited studies have looked at nociceptive mechanisms of painless DN variant. The study aimed to determine phosphorylation and total NR2B subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in the spinal cord of painless DN rat during early phase following formalin injection.

Immunomodulatory Effects of Asiaticoside Against -Infected Macrophages.

Macrophages provide the first line of defense against infection in the gastrointestinal tract by inducing a variety of inflammatory and antimicrobial responses. Secondary metabolites of plants are used as drugs against infections that are resistant to common antibiotics. In this study, the innate effects of asiaticoside on the proinflammatory activity of mouse macrophages infected with were investigated.

Minocycline alleviates nociceptive response through modulating the expression of NR2B subunit of NMDA receptor in spinal cord of rat model of painful diabetic neuropathy.

Background: It has been reported that neuropathic pain can be overcome by targeting the NR2B subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NR2B). This study aimed to investigate the effects of minocycline on phosphorylated and total expression of NR2B in the spinal cord of rats with diabetic neuropathic pain.

Methods: A total of 32 Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly assigned into four groups (n = 8); control healthy, control diabetic (PDN), and PDN rats that received 80 µg or 160 µg intrathecal minocycline respectively.